1

George Washington: Whiskey distiller

George Washington’s retirement after his second presidency (1797) was important in itself as it set a precedent for presidents only serving two terms —although this was only a tradition and not a legal limit until the ratification of the 22nd Amendment in 1951. Despite his enormous prestige, George Washington decided to retire from public life and returned to his Mount Vernon estate , focusing on agriculture and building a whiskey distillery that would become one of the biggest in the country. He was appointed General of the Army by President Adams in 1798, but he never actively served in that position.

2

John Adams: Farmer and writer

In 1801, John Adams retired to Massachusetts, where he would spend the rest of his life managing his estate and writing his autobiography . Reconciled with his former friend and long-time rival Thomas Jefferson, they exchanged letters and writings for more than a decade. After seeing the inauguration of his son, John Quincy Adams, as the 6th American president in 1825, Adams died on July 4, 1826. Famously, his last words were "Thomas Jefferson still survives", not knowing Jefferson had passed a few hours earlier.

3

Thomas Jefferson: Founder of the University of Virginia

After leaving the White House in 1809, Thomas Jefferson went back home to Monticello, Virginia, where he devoted his time to reading, writing, and science, while corresponding with many political figures of the time. In 1815, he sold his personal book collection to Congress to help replace the books burned by the British in 1814. A firm believer in education as a pillar of society, Jefferson envisioned a university where students could pursue studies not offered in other institutions. He chose the location, campaigned for the state charter, designed the buildings and the curriculum, and served as the first rector of the University of Virginia.

4

William H. Taft: Supreme Court Justice

Upon his retirement from office in 1913, Taft considered returning to the practice of law. However, he had appointed many federal judges —a few Supreme Court Justices included— which created a conflict of interest. Instead, he decided to accept a position as a lecturer at Yale University. In 1920, after Harding was elected president, Taft was offered a position as a Supreme Court Justice, and he accepted , making him the only person to be both President and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. After his appointment, Taft focused on organizing the legal system and making it more efficient, and campaigned for the construction of the Supreme Court building.

5

Grover Cleveland: Lawyer

After losing re-election in 1889, Cleveland took a position at a law firm in New York City and mostly stayed out of politics. A year before the 1892 election, however, he wrote a public letter against President Harrison’s economic policies that quickly made him a favored candidate and won him the Democratic nomination. After winning the election and serving his second term, Cleveland went back to practicing law. He is one of only two presidents to have served two non-consecutive terms.

6

Theodore Roosevelt: Explorer

After leaving office in 1909, Roosevelt led a safari expedition in Africa, where he hunted specimens for the Smithsonian Institution. After running for president in 1912 and losing to Woodrow Wilson, Roosevelt and his son Kermit embarked on a seven-month expedition across the jungles of Brazil to explore the Amazon Rive r. During the journey, Roosevelt contracted malaria and suffered from an infected leg wound, which nearly killed him. Back in America, he devoted his time to writing about politics and science, and actively campaigned for the war effort as the U.S. joined World War I.

7

Ulysses S. Grant: Writer

A hero of the Civil War and the Reconstruction era, Grant embarked on a two-year world tour after leaving office in 1877, where he was received by leaders such as Queen Victoria, Chancellor Otto Von Bismarck, and the Japanese Emperor Meiji. Back in America, he invested all of his savings into a Wall Street firm run by his son, but lost all of his money as a consequence of a Ponzi scheme. Penniless and diagnosed with terminal cancer, Grant started writing articles for magazines in order to raise money for his family , while also penning an autobiography, which he finished on his deathbed. The book was a major success, earning his family close to $450,000 and securing their future.

8

John Quincy Adams: Congressman

After retiring from office in 1829, John Quincy Adams returned to Congress, where he had previously served as senator, but this time as a member of the House of Representatives, being the only U.S. President to do this (Andrew Jackson is the only other former president to go back to Congress, but as a senator). Across 18 years and nine terms as a congressman, he became one of the leaders of the abolitionist cause, fighting to repeal a gag rule that prevented Congress from discussing slavery, and presenting several petitions for the abolition of slavery. Working as a congressman until the end, he died in the Capitol after suffering a stroke during a passionate debate against war.

9

Dwight D. Eisenhower: Cattle rancher

As many presidents did before him, Eisenhower retired to his farm after leaving office in 1961. However, he remained involved in politics, serving as an advisor to presidents such as Kennedy, Johnson, or Nixon . Despite having resigned his military commission upon becoming president, Eisenhower had his five-star general rank reinstated by President Kennedy, being the only president —except Washington— to re-enter the armed forces after the presidency.

10

George W. Bush: Oil painter

After leaving office in 2009, George W. Bush retired to his home in Texas. There, inspired by Winston Churchill’s essay "Painting as a Pastime", he took up oil painting , focusing on portraits of close friends, pets, and world leaders he had met while in office. In 2017, he released an art book focused on portraits of U.S. veterans and their stories.

1

Who fired the shot heard ‘round the world?

The war began on the morning of April 19, 1775, when a small group of local militia faced a column of British Redcoats. The American commander, Colonel John Parker, ordered his men to disperse. The British commander, Major John Pitcairn, ordered his troops to hold their fire. Both sides wanted to avoid a bloodbath.

Suddenly, a shot of gunfire was heard through the air. In the confusion, British soldiers charged with bayonets. Who pulled that first trigger? Some accounts suggest a gunman fired from behind a nearby wall. Others claim a fleeing prisoner sparked the chaos. Because both sides swore under oath that they didn’t shoot first, the catalyst of the war remains a mystery.

2

Who betrayed Nathan Hale?

Nathan Hale is considered one of America’s first tragic heroes. A young Connecticut schoolteacher turned army captain, Hale volunteered to infiltrate British-occupied New York City to gather intelligence. He was an amateur spy, and it didn’t take long for the enemy to catch him with compromising notes hidden in his shoes. He was hanged the next morning, at age 21.

The mystery lies in exactly how he was caught. One theory points to his own cousin, Samuel Hale, a Loyalist who allegedly spotted Nathan in a tavern and reported it to British authorities. Another theory suggests he was tricked by Major Robert Rogers, a legendary British counter-insurgency commander who supposedly suspected Hale and got him to confess his mission over drinks.

3

Who burned New York City in 1776?

On September 21, 1776, just days after Nathan Hale’s execution, a fire broke out in the middle of the night. The Great Fire consumed a third of New York City, destroying hundreds of buildings and critical port facilities just when the British military was going to start using the city as their winter base.

The British blamed American arsonists and arrested over 200 people, but no one was ever convicted. Interestingly, George Washington and his collaborators previously debated burning the city, though the Continental Congress ultimately forbade it. Washington publicly denied any involvement, although he privately confessed that the fire was a stroke of luck. Was it a genuine accident, or did radical Patriots take matters into their own hands?

4

Who was Agent 355?

George Washington’s most successful intelligence network was the Culper Spy Ring, which operated in New York. The ring used an intricate system of invisible ink, hidden drop boxes, and complex ciphers. In their master codebook, the number 355 stood simply for "lady."

Agent 355 was a brilliant female operative who provided vital intelligence. Because her identity was protected by the ring’s leaders, her true name was never written down. Scholars have spent centuries debating whether she was a prominent Loyalist society woman secretly sympathetic to the Patriots, a member of the prominent Floyd family, or a composite character representing multiple female informants.

5

The mystery of Silas Deane

Silas Deane was a Connecticut merchant sent by Congress to France in 1776 as America’s first secret diplomat. He performed well at first, successfully securing shipments of French arms and recruiting foreign officers such as the Marquis de Lafayette. However, he fell into a bitter political dispute with fellow diplomat Arthur Lee, who accused Deane of financial fraud.

Totally in disgrace, a ruined Deane spent years in European exile trying to clear his name. In 1789, when he was 51, he boarded a ship to return to the United States for a congressional hearing. Hours into the voyage, he became ill and died. According to rumors, he had been poisoned. Modern historians suspect his close friend and assistant, Edward Bancroft—a British double agent—murdered Deane to keep him from exposing his wartime espionage.

6

Who told the Patriots in Boston that the British were coming?

Before Paul Revere could take his historic midnight ride, someone had to give the Patriots the warning. On the night of April 18, 1775, Dr. Joseph Warren received precise intelligence that British troops were preparing to march on Lexington and Concord to arrest rebel leaders.

Who leaked this military plan? History has pointed to Margaret Kemble Gage, the American-born wife of the British Commander-in-Chief, General Thomas Gage. Margaret was torn between her love for her husband and her devotion to the land. While her involvement has never been proven, General Gage notably sent his wife away to England shortly after the leak.

7

Was Charles Lee a traitor?

General Charles Lee was George Washington’s second-in-command and an experienced military officer. He was also arrogant and frequently criticized Washington’s leadership. In late 1776, Lee was captured by the British in a New Jersey tavern while writing a letter complaining about Washington's deficiencies.

He was exchanged back to the Americans a year later, but his career ended after he disobeyed Washington’s orders at the Battle of Monmouth in 1778. The mystery arose 80 years later, when a lost document surfaced. The document, written in Lee’s own handwriting, outlined a detailed military strategy for the British to defeat the Continental Army. Was Lee a traitor, or was it a strategy to manipulate his captors?

8

Why didn’t the British burn Monticello?

In June 1781, the British cavalry leader Banastre Tarleton—called by Americans "Bloody Tarleton" for his brutal tactics—led a raid on Charlottesville, Virginia. His main objective was to capture Thomas Jefferson, the author of the Declaration of Independence and the state’s governor.

Jefferson managed to escape Monticello, and when Tarleton’s troops occupied his famous estate, they left it entirely untouched, as Tarleton specifically ordered his men not to damage or burn the property. Given that the British often burned the properties of prominent leaders, sparing Monticello was very unusual.

9

Who was Jane McCrea?

Jane McCrea was a young woman from a Loyalist family who was engaged to a lieutenant in the British army. In the summer of 1777, she was taken by Native American warriors allied with British General John Burgoyne's advancing army. Shortly after, she was found dead and scalped.

The Patriots turned her death into a propagandistic victory, using the story to terrify frontier colonists into joining the militia. But who actually killed Jane? The native scouts claimed she was accidentally shot by stray bullets fired by pursuing American soldiers. Other accounts insisted she was murdered during an argument between two native factions. The truth remains buried in the fog of war.

10

What happened to Benjamin Church?

Dr. Benjamin Church was a prominent member of the Boston Sons of Liberty and served as the first Surgeon General of the Continental Army. He was also a traitor. In 1775, Washington’s intelligence team intercepted a coded letter written by Church containing vital information about American troop numbers.

Church was arrested, tried, and sentenced to confinement. In 1778, because of his poor health, he was banished from Massachusetts and boarded a merchant ship bound for the West Indies. The ship sailed into the Atlantic and was never seen again. Did the vessel sink, or did Church use his British connections to stage his disappearance and flee to Europe?

1

The Civil War began and ended on Wilmer McLean’s property

Virginia businessman Wilmer McLean tried to escape the Civil War by moving away from Manassas after the First Battle of Bull Run erupted near his home in 1861. Confederate General P.G.T. Beaugard even used McLean’s house as headquarters, and a Union cannonball crashed through his kitchen.

McLean relocated about 120 miles south to Appomattox Court House, hoping for peace. Instead, on April 9, 1865, Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant in McLean’s parlor, effectively ending the war. McLean later joked that the war "began in my front yard and ended in my front parlor."

2

A bullet links the first and last soldiers who lost their lives in the Civil War

One long-circulated Civil War story claims that the bullet removed from the first Union casualty was later melted and reused years afterward, eventually ending with the life of one of the final soldiers of the conflict . Historians debate parts of the tale, but it became one of the war’s more enduring legends.

The coincidence works as a reflection on how Americans tried to make sense of the terrible human cost of the war. More than 600,000 people lost their lives in the conflict, making it the deadliest war in U.S. history.

3

A baby fell from a building twice, on the same man

In Detroit, during the 1930s, street sweeper Joseph Figlock reportedly became part of a bizarre accident when a baby fell from an apartment window and landed on him . The child survived, and so did Figlock.

About a year later, the same child allegedly fell from the same building again and once again landed on Figlock . Newspapers at the time treated the story as one of the strangest coincidences ever recorded in America. One might argue that street sweepers spend a disproportionate amount of time on the same streets, but the situation is still quite incredible.

4

Anthony Hopkins accidentally found the exact book he needed

While preparing for the 1972 film The Girl from Petrovka , actor Anthony Hopkins searched London bookstores for a rare copy of George Feifer’s novel. After failing to locate one anywhere, he sat down on the subway and noticed a forgotten copy of the tome in question lying on a bench .

Months later, Hopkins met Feifer himself and learned that the author had lent his annotated personal copy to a friend, who had lost it on the London Underground. The abandoned copy Hopkins found turned out to be that exact copy.

5

John Wilkes Booth is in one of Abraham Lincoln’s last photographs

John Wilkes Booth was already a nationally famous actor before assassinating President Abraham Lincoln in April 1865. Because of that fame, photographers had captured detailed images of Booth years before the crime that made him infamous.

One especially eerie coincidence is that Booth appears in photographs connected to Lincoln’s second inauguration festivities shortly before the crime took place . Historians later realized that the future assassin had unknowingly been documented near the President before he changed history forever.

6

A woman survived all three major White Star ship disasters

Violet Jessop worked as a stewardess for the White Star Line, the company behind the Olympic-class ocean liners. In 1911, she was on board the RMS Olympic when it collided with another ship.

In 1912, she survived the sinking of the Titanic . Four years later, in 1916, during World War I, she was aboard the HMS Britannic when it struck a mine and sank in the Aegean Sea. Jessop survived all three disasters and later became known as "Miss Unsinkable."

7

Theodore Roosevelt’s speech manuscript helped stop a bullet

During the 1912 presidential campaign, former President Theodore Roosevelt was shot in Milwaukee before giving a speech. The bullet first passed through a folded 50-page speech manuscript and Roosevelt’s metal eyeglass case in his breast pocket.

The thick stack of papers slowed the bullet enough that Roosevelt survived . Remarkably, he still delivered the speech, speaking for about 90 minutes (those 50 pages were no joke) before seeking medical treatment. Doctors later decided that the bullet was safer left inside his chest permanently.

8

A man unknowingly photographed his own future car accident

In the 1970s, amateur photographer Robert Landsburg reportedly took pictures of everyday traffic while experimenting with a new camera. After developing the film later, he realized one image showed the exact intersection where he would soon be involved in a collision .

The eerie coincidence became famous because the photograph captured the other vehicle that would later crash into his own car.

9

The "Jim Twins" lived nearly identical lives without knowing each other

Identical twins Jim Lewis and Jim Springer were separated at birth in Ohio in 1940 and adopted by different families. Amazingly, both adoptive families independently named the boys James. The twins did not meet again until they were 39 years old.

When reunited in 1979, they discovered a shocking number of similarities. Both had married women named Linda, later remarried women named Betty, owned dogs named Tony, drove similar cars, and even suffered from the same headaches .

10

The Wizard of Oz costume accidentally belonged to the book’s author

While filming The Wizard of Oz in 1938, costumers searched for an old-looking coat for actor Frank Morgan, who played both Professor Marvel and the title character. Costume staff reportedly bought several secondhand jackets from a thrift store in Los Angeles and picked one that looked perfect for the Marvel role.

Later, while examining the coat, the team discovered a label sewn inside with the name "L. Frank Baum", author of The Wonderful Wizard of Oz . Baum’s widow later confirmed that the jacket had indeed belonged to her late husband.