1

Gone with the Wind

Image: Adam Kring

Released in 1939, Gone with the Wind stands as one of the most iconic films in American cinema. Adapted from Margaret Mitchell's 1936 novel of the same name, the film is set against the backdrop of the Civil War and follows the life of Scarlett O'Hara (played by Vivien Leigh), the strong-willed daughter of a Georgia plantation owner.

Featuring legendary performances by Clark Gable and Leslie Howard, the film captivated audiences around the globe. It not only became the highest-grossing film of its time but also held that record for over 25 years, cementing its place in cinematic history.

2

Casablanca

Image: Craig Whitehead

Casablanca is often hailed as the quintessential American film. Both filmed and set against the tumultuous backdrop of World War II, it weaves a poignant tale of romance and sacrifice in a world on the brink of chaos. The film's unforgettable characters, brought vividly to life by the stellar performances of Humphrey Bogart and Ingrid Bergman, have become emblematic of American cinema.

Its most iconic line, "Here’s looking at you, kid," has etched itself into the collective memory of millions. Over the years, Casablanca has only solidified its legendary status, with its characters, famous lines, and theme song becoming a part of popular culture. It consistently ranks near the top of lists of the greatest films in history.

3

Citizen Kane

Image: Daria Kraplak

Citizen Kane (1941) is frequently acclaimed as the greatest film ever made, offering a profoundly intelligent exploration of the life of Charles Foster Kane, a fictional media mogul inspired by real-life figures like William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer.

The brainchild of the visionary Orson Welles, who served as the film’s actor, director, and producer, Citizen Kane delves into themes of wealth, power, and democracy with such depth that it remains relevant to this day. The film caused a stir upon its release, prompting Hearst to ban any mention of it in his newspapers. It was also lauded for its groundbreaking cinematography, introducing innovative techniques that set new creative standards for the industry.

4

The Wizard of Oz

Image: Mateusz Raczynski

A beloved piece of Americana, the 1939 film release of The Wizard of Oz is the most iconic adaptation of L. Frank Baum's 1900 children's fantasy novel of the same name. Dorothy’s journey to the Emerald City has captivated audiences for generations and has brought the original story to worldwide audiences.

The film's groundbreaking use of Technicolor and special effects marked a new era in American cinema. Recognized by the U.S. Library of Congress as the most-watched film in history, The Wizard of Oz remains a timeless classic, with its impact on popular culture enduring to this day.

5

It’s a Wonderful Life

Image: Johannes Roth

Frank Capra’s It’s a Wonderful Life (1946) has become an essential Christmas classic. Starring James Stewart as George Bailey, the film tells the heartwarming story of a man who, facing financial ruin and despair, is shown by his guardian angel what life would have been like if he had never existed.

Loosely based on a 1943 short story that echoes Charles Dickens’ all-time classic A Christmas Carol , the film’s messages of hope and redemption resonated deeply with audiences. Despite an initially lukewarm reception, It’s a Wonderful Life gained popularity through television broadcasts and is now regarded as a timeless holiday favorite.

6

Singin' in the Rain

Image: Ricky Turner

Widely celebrated as one of the greatest musicals in American cinema, Singin' in the Rain (1952) offers a nostalgic look at Hollywood’s transition from silent films to "talkies." Directed by Stanley Donen and Gene Kelly, who also stars in the film, it became famous for its iconic musical numbers, particularly Kelly’s unforgettable dance in the rain, which has since become one of the most iconic scenes in movie history.

The film’s vibrant choreography, catchy songs, and clever commentary on the film industry have solidified its place in American film culture. As a delightful homage to Hollywood’s Golden Age, it immortalizes both the magic and the many challenges of filmmaking.

7

North by Northwest

Image: Blake Harbison

Directed by the master of suspense, Alfred Hitchcock, North by Northwest is one of the most iconic American thrillers. Starring Cary Grant as the charming protagonist Roger Thornhill, the film follows his harrowing journey as he’s mistaken for a government agent and pursued across the country by both law enforcement and international spies.

Iconic scenes like the crop duster chase and the climactic showdown on Mount Rushmore are etched in cinematic history. The film’s influence is still evident in modern thrillers, and it is celebrated to this day for its gripping narrative and stylish execution.

8

The Grapes of Wrath

Image: Sonder Quest

Based on John Steinbeck’s Pulitzer Prize-winning novel, The Grapes of Wrath (1940) is a powerful and poignant portrayal of the struggles faced by American families during the Great Depression. Directed by John Ford and starring Henry Fonda as Tom Joad, the film follows the Joad family as they journey from Oklahoma to California in search of a better life, only to encounter hardship and injustice along the way.

The Grapes of Wrath is lauded for its smart adaptation of Steinbeck’s novel and its brutally honest depiction of the social issues of the time. The film’s carefully crafted cinematography focuses on the Joad family as a unit, its visual style providing a stark contrast to the themes of suffering and perseverance that define the story.

9

The Searchers

Image: Jon Toney

John Ford’s The Searchers (1956) is considered one of the greatest Westerns ever made. Starring John Wayne in one of his most iconic roles, the film tells the story of Ethan Edwards, a hardened Civil War veteran who embarks on a relentless quest to find his niece, who has been kidnapped by Comanche Indians.

The film is both a thrilling adventure and a complex exploration of themes such as racism, obsession, and the American frontier. The movie is also praised for its stunning cinematography, particularly its use of Monument Valley’s vast landscapes, which have become synonymous with the genre.

10

Some Like It Hot

Image: Stephanie Valencia

Some Like It Hot (1959) is a comedy classic that pushed boundaries during the waning years of Hollywood’s golden era. Directed by Billy Wilder, the film stars Tony Curtis and Jack Lemmon as two musicians who witness a mob hit and disguise themselves as women to evade the gangsters pursuing them.

Marilyn Monroe co-stars as Sugar Kane, an endearing singer who unwittingly becomes entangled in their criminal scheme. The film’s sharp wit, impeccable comedic timing, and brilliant performances have made it a staple of American cinema, and it remains as fresh and funny today as it was upon its release.

1

Gutenberg Bible

The Gutenberg Bible was the first book to be printed after the invention of movable type printing, around the year 1455. Nowadays, only 49 copies have survived from the 180 believed to have been printed by Gutenberg himself , and only 21 are considered complete copies. The copy kept in the Library of Congress is one of three complete copies printed in vellum —a parchment made from animal skin.

2

Draft of the Declaration of Independence

The Declaration of Independence kept at the National Archives in Washington, D.C, is the final document presented to the Second Continental Congress. Before that, six drafts were made. The copy kept in the Library of Congress is the first ‘rough draft’ written by Thomas Jefferson , with notes from Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, and the other committee delegates. It was part of Jefferson’s personal library and papers, which were acquired by the Library of Congress in 1815.

3

Waldseemüller Map

The only surviving copy, this 1507 map by Martin Waldseemüller was an ambitious project that aimed to depict the geographical discoveries of the past few decades , including those made by Amerigo Vespucci after his voyages in 1501 and 1502, which confirmed that the ‘new world’ was not part of the Indies, but a separate continent altogether. To honor this, Waldseemüller named the continent America, and this map was the first to utilize the name.

4

The Stradivarius

Created by the luthier Antonio Stradivari and his family in the 17th and 18th centuries, Stradivarius instruments are renowned for their exquisite craftsmanship and sound, and are valued in the millions. It is estimated that 650 instruments have survived out of the around 1100 made . Six of them —two violas, three violins, and a cello— are kept in the Library of Congress.

5

Bay Psalm Book

This book of psalms was the first book to be printed in British North America , and it dates to the year 1640, just 20 years after the arrival of the Pilgrims. This copy lacks a title page, and 12 of its pages have been removed. One of 11 surviving copies, it is a valuable testimony to America’s printing history.

6

Leaves of Grass

Whalt Whitman’s Leaves of Grass is considered to be one of the most important poetry collections in American Literature and a celebration of the American spirit. The Library of Congress houses several editions of this book, the most important being a copy of its first edition, self-published in 1855, as well as a page of the original manuscript.

7

Wilbur and Orville Wright Papers

The Wright brothers are credited with the invention, building, and flying the world’s first successful airplane in North Carolina in 1903. This collection in the Library of Congress comprises 10,121 items related to them , including notebooks, photographs, papers, drawings, prints, correspondence, and more.

8

Giant Bible of Mainz

Before the invention of movable type printing, most Bibles were handwritten, a laborious task that could take years to complete. The Great Bible of Mainz is one of the last Bibles made in this way , and it is dated around the year 1452. Made from 459 vellum skin leaves and embellished with illuminated initial letters and borders, this Bible was gifted to the Library of Congress in 1952.

9

Huexotzinco Codex

Composed of 8 sheets of amatl —a pre-Hispanic Nahuatl type of paper—, this 1521 codex registers a legal complaint against a colonial administrator. The Nahua people of Huexotzinco were part of Hernán Cortés’s estate after aiding him in his campaign against the Aztec Empire. During one of Cortés’s trips, the administrators of the estate implemented abusive taxes. After his return, Cortés and the Nahua presented a joint formal complaint, and they were successful. The case was retried in Spain, where the courts and King Charles both agreed with the initial verdict and ruled that excess taxes were returned to the Nahua.

10

Gettysburg Address

One of the most significant speeches of the American Civil War and of American History, the Gettysburg Address was delivered by President Lincoln on the occasion of the inauguration of the Soldiers' National Cemetery , now Gettysburg National Cemetery. Of the five surviving manuscript copies of the short speech —it lasted roughly two minutes— only two were written before the occasion, which were gifted by Lincoln to his personal secretaries, and were later donated to the Library of Congress.

1

Grand Canyon, Arizona

Image: Tim Hart

A natural monument of unparalleled beauty, painstakingly carved over millions of years by the Colorado River , The Grand Canyon’s layered bands of red rock reveal more than just a part of the history of the land, but also offer a humbling window into deep time and Earth’s origins.

President Theodore Roosevelt himself was one of the foremost advocates for the preservation of the Grand Canyon area , frequently visiting to hunt and revel in its natural beauty. Before the arrival of Europeans, the area was continuously inhabited by various Native American groups, who often dug and carved their settlements directly into the ancient rock.

2

Yosemite Valley, California

Image: Robby McCullough

Located in the western Sierra Nevada mountains of Central California, Yosemite Valley’s granite cliffs, towering waterfalls, and ancient sequoias draw millions of visitors each year. Shaped by the action of glaciers during most of the last 30 million years , today its lush forests and incredibly diverse fauna are a living monument to our country’s biodiversity.

The towering granite peaks that encircle the valley, including Half Dome and El Capitan , are famed for their impressive rock walls and the breathtaking vistas they offer to hikers from above.

3

Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming

Image: Nicolasintravel

A geothermal wonderland, home to geysers, hot springs, and bubbling mud pots , Yellowstone is a wildlife haven where bison, grizzly bears, and wolves roam freely amidst its stunning natural features. Moreover, Yellowstone not only holds the distinction of being the first national park in the U.S. but also in the whole world, setting a precedent for conservation laws and standards that would be emulated worldwide.

Interestingly, the Yellowstone Caldera—the volcanic system responsible for the park’s intense geothermal activity—is the largest in North America and is considered a dormant "supervolcano." In the past, large eruptions from this region likely contributed to the extinction of many species, blanketing much of central North America in ash.

4

Denali National Park, Alaska

Image: Bryan Goff

At the heart of Alaska lies Denali, North America's tallest peak. Officially named Mount McKinley until 2015, the peak was renamed after the native word for the mountain, which fittingly means "the high one."

The region surrounding the legendary mountain became a National Park in 1917 , and since that time the rugged landscape of the park has been a haven for outdoor enthusiasts, offering unique opportunities for wildlife viewing. The pristine landscape features a diverse mix of forests, deciduous taiga, tundra, and glaciers , preserving a slice of untouched wilderness that highlights the raw, untamed beauty of Alaska.

5

Great Smoky Mountains, North Carolina/Tennessee

Image: Div Pithadia

With its mist-shrouded peaks and verdant forests, the Great Smoky Mountains are one of the most scenic and alluring landscapes of the United States.

A subrange of the Appalachian Mountains, the soothing vistas of lush forests growing above the ancient peaks are often veiled by a hazy blue-ish mist , which gives the name to the region. The mysterious fog is caused by various organic compounds emitted by the lush vegetation, which end up forming dense vapor columns.

6

Zion National Park, Utah

Image: Jamie Hagan

Zion's breathtaking sandstone formations are truly a sight to behold. The region is renowned for its towering cliffs, narrow slot canyons, expansive mesas, and captivating natural arches , each sculpted by the forces of time and nature into awe-inspiring works of art.

With a geological history that spans over 150 million years , Zion National Park is a testament to the immense geological forces that have shaped our land over millennia.

7

Niagara Falls, New York

Image: Kalen Emsley

One of the world's most famous waterfalls, Niagara Falls is an emblem of America’s diverse natural beauty. Straddling the international border between Canada and the United States, millions of gallons of water cascade over its cliffs every minute , drawing visitors from both nations to marvel at this awe-inspiring natural spectacle.

Formed by the Niagara River, which channels the waters from Lake Erie into Lake Ontario before ending up in the Atlantic, the falls experience a rate of erosion of almost a foot per year. If the erosion continues at this pace, in about 50,000 years the falls will completely erode the remaining 20 miles to Lake Erie and cease to exist.

8

Glacier National Park, Montana

Image: Justin Kauffman

One of the most pristine landscapes in the United States, Glacier National Park harbors ancient peaks and valleys that provide sanctuary to a diverse array of wildlife, home to thousands of unique species.

With more than one million acres, several glaciers, and over a hundred named lakes, this landscape offers a glimpse into the untouched beauty that greeted the first inhabitants of this land upon their arrival.

9

Acadia National Park, Maine

Image: Benjamin R.

Maine’s Atlantic coastline offers a stunning landscape of timeless beauty and rich history. From the towering Cadillac Mountain - the highest peak on the Atlantic coast - to the U-shaped valleys, and cobble beaches, Acadia's natural wonders are captivating.

Inhabited over 10,000 years ago by the Wabanaki people, Acadia's story is full of tales of exploration and resourcefulness. Amidst the harsh terrain, John D. Rockefeller Jr.'s historic carriage road system still meanders , a testament to human resilience amidst nature's raw beauty.

10

Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park, Hawaiʻi

Image: Cedric Letsch

If you are eager to witness the true raw power of nature in action, Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park is the place to go. Home to two of the world's most active volcanoes, Kilauea and Mauna Loa , the park is teeming with primeval scenes and dramatic contrasts. From lava tubes to lush rainforests and stunning beaches, the islands abound with natural wonders.

Acknowledging its unique natural attributes, the park earned the prestigious designation of International Biosphere Reserve in 1980, followed by World Heritage Site status in 1987.