1

Early life

Image: Laith Abuabdu

Let’s start with the very beginning, in a small tenement in Hoboken, New Jersey. It’s no secret that Frank is one of the Garden State’s favorite sons, and we like to believe that the feeling was mutual. According to biographers, Sinatra developed his love of music at an early age, becoming interested in big band jazz and singers like Gene Austin and Bing Crosby.

By the time he was a teenager, Frank began singing professionally with a group called "the 3 Flashes," which renamed itself "the Hoboken Four" after Sinatra joined. A few years later, he became the lead singer of the band, which was conducted by Tommy Dorsey, one of the most influential figures in Sinatra’s early career.

2

Time to go solo

Image: Dushawn Jovic

In 1942, Sinatra convinced Dorsey to allow him to record a few solo songs ; these included some of his first hits, like "Night and Day" and "The Song is You." Impressed by the way these recordings sounded, Frank decided it was time to go solo. This was easier said than done, since his contract stipulated that he had to give Dorsey 43% of his lifetime earnings.

After a lengthy legal battle, Frank was able to become a solo artist , although his relationship with Dorsey never recovered. Part of their dispute included the fact that Sinatra offered Dorsey’s conductor, Axel Stordahl, five times his salary to sign with him and become his personal arranger.

3

"Sinatramania"

Image: Ethan Rougon

By the start of the 1940s, Frank’s popularity was soaring, and the whole country seemed to be enraptured by a wave of "Sinatramania." He topped the male singers' polls and was the quintessential idol of "Bobby Soxers," a subculture of teenage girls characterized for their fondness of popular music.

Perhaps this following anecdote can encapsulate how hard the "Sinatramania" had hit America: In 1944, Sinatra returned to the Paramount Theatre in New York after two amazing performances a few years earlier. The audience that gathered for that show was so massive that only 250 people were allowed to enter the theatre, while the remaining 35,000 protested outside. They were so determined to see "the Sultan of Swoon" that their rejection caused a riot known as the "Columbus Day Riot."

4

World War II

Image: Museums Victoria

Sinatra’s birth was a difficult one, and his eardrum was perforated during delivery. This condition made him ineligible for military service during the onset of World War II. However, he did serve his country by raising morale, traveling through Europe, and entertaining the troops towards the end of the war.

Frank performed in several USO tours alongside comedian Phil Silvers. Not only that, many of his radio performances with the "Andrews Sisters" harmony group were broadcast to the soldiers through the American Forces Radio service.

5

Acting career

Image: Los Angeles Times, CC BY 4.0

Sinatra’s acting chops are sometimes overshadowed by his singing career, which is an absolute shame. While he had small singing roles and cameos in 1940 films like Las Vegas Nights and Reveille with Beverly , his breakthrough came with the 1945 musical Anchors Aweigh , in which he starred alongside Gene Kelly and Kathryn Grayson. The film’s success and Academy Award nominations ensured a series of movies with Gene Kelly, including the now iconic On the Town in which Sinatra plays a sailor.

However, Frank’s acting credits are not limited to musicals that showcased his amazing voice; he starred in groundbreaking films like The Manchurian Candidate , High Society, and The First Deadly Sin . Not only that, he was the first choice to play the legendary Detective Harry Calahan in Dirty Harry , but he had to turn down the role. Picture this: There’s an alternate universe in which "The Voice" is the one that utters the film’s famous line, "Do you feel lucky, punk?"

6

The Rat Pack

Image: Los Angeles Times, CC BY 4.0

What’s life without a few friends? The term "rat pack" is an old New Yorker slang name used to describe a group of friends. However, today we use it to refer to a distinct group of actors and singers, the quintessential "Rat Pack" of which Frank Sinatra was one of the shiniest stars.

Alongside Frank, the Rat Pack included iconic singers like Dean Martin, Sammy Davis Jr., Judy Garland, Mickey Rooney, and Nat King Cole. According to legend, the group received its name from Humphrey Bogart and Lauren Bacall after they were seen returning from a night in Las Vegas. Many remember the original iteration of the classic heist film Ocean’s Eleven, which starred five members of the Rat Pack.

7

The Capitol years

Image: Dane Deaner

The 1950s were truly a Renaissance time for Sinatra. While interest in his music had slowly waned over the years, Frank saw the success of the 1953 film From Here to Eternity as an opportunity to revitalize his career. In that sense, that same year, the singer made a move that would prove to be essential in this revival: his signing with Capitol Records .

SInatra’s seven-year contract with Capitol produced some of this singer’s most beloved albums , including "Where Are You?" and "Come Fly with Me." One of the strongest elements behind these albums was arranger Nelson Riddle, who was wonderfully adept at matching Sinatra’s perfectionism.

8

Family life

Image: Jorge Moncayo

Let’s step away from the spotlight for just a moment and focus on Sinatra’s family life . Frank’s four marriages were highly publicized; some of them included Ava Gardner and Mia Farrow, two of the biggest actresses of their time. However, we have decided to instead highlight the most important things that came from his relationships: his children.

Frank had three children with his first wife, Nancy Barbato: Nancy, Frank Jr., and Christina, known as "Tina." Most biographers agree that, while his relationships may have been tumultuous, Frank was by all accounts a devoted father. Two of his children, Nancy and Frank Jr., went on to follow in their father’s footsteps and became singers themselves, with Nancy turning out to be one of the most prominent artists of the ‘60s and ‘70s.

9

Retirement

Image: Los Angeles Times, CC BY 4.0

As the saying goes, "All good things must come to an end," and in 1970, Sinatra announced he would be retiring from recording and performing. However, it should come as no surprise that his retirement was definitively short-lived or, at the very least, as packed with excitement as his career had been.

By the 1970s, Sinatra’s voice had grown coarsened after years of demanding use. However, this only added a new layer of depth to Frank’s singing; audiences loved the deeper and rougher tones he added to his performances. Not only that, in 1980, Sinatra starred in his final film The First Deadly Sin , an extraordinary goodbye to his acting career.

10

Legacy

Image: IrishFireside, CC BY 2.0

On May 14, 1998, Frank Sinatra bid farewell to the world. While he is surely missed, his outstanding legacy still lives on, so we thought dedicating this final entry to some of the many homages this American icon received would be a fitting tribute.

In 1995, to honor Frank’s 80th birthday, the Empire State Building was lit blue to show its appreciation for "Ol’ Blue Eyes." Ten years after his death, the United States Postal Service issued a postage stamp honoring Frank, and Congress passed a resolution declaring May 13 as "Frank Sinatra Day."

1

Town crier

In early American towns (and elsewhere in the world), before printed media and mass communication were the norm, news didn’t arrive through newspapers or broadcasts: it arrived by voice. Town criers walked streets ringing bells and loudly announcing public notices, laws, and important events . They were essential in communities where literacy was limited, and information traveled slowly.

2

Factory lectors

Nowadays, when you have some manual, boring labor to do, you can turn on the radio, listen to some music, or a podcast. Of course, that wasn’t an option once upon a time. In some factories, workers hired a lector to read aloud while they worked .

Starting in the mid 1800s and into the beginning of the 1900s, lectors in factories shared newspapers, novels, and political texts, keeping workers informed and entertained during long hours.

3

Elevator operator

Using an elevator seems easy enough today, but for decades, elevators didn’t run themselves. Operators manually controlled speed, direction, and stopping points using levers and switches , while also greeting passengers and announcing floors.

In luxury hotels and department stores, a skilled, often uniformed operator was part of the experience, expected to be polite, precise, and calm under pressure. The job peaked in the early 20th century, especially in big cities like New York and Chicago.

4

Switchboard operator

For early telephone calls, switchboard operators had to manually plug cords into panels to link callers together . The occupation rose shortly after Alexander Graham Bell patented the telephone in the 1870s, and became a fundamental job until the middle of the following century, when direct dialing was introduced.

Most operators were women, chosen for their calm voices, speed, and courtesy. They often memorized local names, numbers, and even callers’ personal habits and routines.

5

Bowling pinsetter

In early bowling alleys, pins did not magically reset themselves via machines. Pinsetters stood behind the lanes, manually rearranging pins after every roll.

It was noisy, repetitive, and sometimes dangerous work, often done by teenagers . It was only in the 1950s that automatic pinsetting machines were introduced.

6

Lamplighter

Since the beginning of the 19th century, every evening, lamplighters walked city blocks, lighting gas lamps one by one . At dawn, they returned to extinguish them. This job was vital for public safety because the lights helped prevent crime and accidents in dark streets.

It wasn’t until the 1880s that the first electric streetlights were introduced in some cities, but they weren’t the norm until the 1950s. At that point, the cost of maintaining gas pipes had become too high compared to electricity, so the last gas lamps were removed.

7

Milkman

For the first half of the 20th century, the milkman was a familiar sight on American streets. He delivered fresh milk in glass bottles, leaving them in insulated boxes by the door. Many families depended on daily or near-daily deliveries, since refrigeration was limited or unreliable. By the 1940s, however, most American homes owned a refrigerator and the role of milkmen slowly faded.

8

Typist

There was a time, before computers, autocorrect, and AI, when offices relied on professional typists to produce everything from letters to legal documents. Many large companies employed entire "typing pools," rooms filled with workers trained to type quickly and accurately on typewriters. Precision mattered more than you may think; unlike today, mistakes on paper (rather than the screen) sometimes meant starting the document over.

9

Human computer

There was also a time when "computers" were people; their occupation was first mentioned in texts from 1613. Their role was to develop complex mathematical calculations by hand for scientific research, engineering projects, and more. Astronomers during the Renaissance, navigators during the Age of Exploration, and NASA space missions all relied on human computing for their operations.

Imagine that: teams worked through equations for hours or days, checking each other’s math for accuracy. During World War II and the early Cold War, this work was vital to national defense.

10

Knocker-upper

Before the Industrial Revolution, most people woke up with the sun. However, by the early 1800s, when factory systems took hold of big cities, being even five minutes late ceased to be an option for workers. To avoid oversleeping, which could mean lost wages, they paid a person to wake them up.

Knocker-uppers walked neighborhoods early in the morning, tapping on windows with long poles or shooting dried peas through blowpipes . Eventually, alarm clocks were introduced in the late 1800s, and the need for this occupation started declining.

11

Telegraph operator

A case in which the occupation disappeared along with the technology. Before phones and instant messaging, the telegraph, which was invented in 1837, was the fastest way to send information across long distances.

Telegraph operators translated messages into Morse code , sending dots and dashes through wires that spanned the country. Speed and accuracy were critical, especially for news, business, and wartime communication. With the introduction of radio transmissions and telephones in the late 1800s, the service became more and more obsolete, although Western Union, the major telegraph service in the US, continued to operate until 2006.

12

Iceman

Finally, there were the icemen. Before refrigerators became household staples, the iceman was an essential figure in American daily life. He delivered massive blocks of ice straight to people’s homes .

These blocks kept food fresh and milk cold in an era before electric cooling. Ice was harvested from frozen lakes in winter, stored in insulated warehouses, and rationed carefully during warmer months.

1

Rich Uncle Pennybags

Image: Maria Lin Kim

Board games are popular, at least some of them. Clue, Pictionary, Monopoly—we’ve all played at least one of these. But Monopoly’s popularity is something else. And it’s not just the game’s popularity but the fine man who is the face of the brand.

Rich Uncle Pennybags was introduced in 1936 and is widely known as Mr. Monopoly. This rich guy, dressed in a smart tuxedo, turned out to be so popular that he’s been incorporated into the brand’s logo altogether.

2

Tony the Tiger

Image: Franki Chamaki

Introduced in 1951, Tony the Tiger has been a fixture in, possibly, every single household in the United States and many more countries around the world.

With his classic blue background, Tony the Tiger successfully helped Kellogg’s skyrocket as a brand and made not only the mascot but the cereal truly unforgettable. In spite of being a tiger, Tony is known for his courageous messages and friendly smile that invites consumers to take a scoop of cereal and be ready to face the day. Who doesn’t need this shot of inspiration every morning? We can definitely count on Tony the Tiger for that!

3

Pillsbury Doughboy

Image: Kelsey Todd

This fluffy, adorable mascot, affectionately known as Poppin’ Fresh has been making kitchens a little brighter since 1965.

His real name is the Pillsbury Doughboy, and he is famous for his infectious laugh that erupts whenever someone pokes his belly. Dressed in his signature white chef’s hat and scarf, this giggling, chubby fella is the best company one can have when baking. If you have any doubts, you can ask this baking master!

4

Gritty

Image: Lynda Sanchez

If chaos had a face, it would definitely be Gritty! This wild-eyed, orange furball took the world by storm as the official mascot of the Philadelphia Flyers NHL team.

He made his debut in 2018 and soon became a favorite thanks to his unpredictable antics and meme-worthy expressions, which you are surely familiar with!

Both his personality and his color are quite loud, making him quite unforgettable, as orange is also the color of the team. It represents their essence: unapologetically weird and proud of it!

5

Smokey Bear

Image: Brian Wangenheim

Nature is truly a wonder, but in order to keep it that way, we need to protect it. Now, when it comes to this, warning messages have effectively prevented people from accidentally starting wildfires, thanks to a strong brown bear with a powerful message "Only you can prevent wildfires."

The campaign started in 1944 when Smokey Bear was introduced to the nation to spread the message across radio, TV, and print media. In no time, he became a success and a mighty figure of environmental protection.

6

Mr. Met

Image: Lesly Juarez

The spring of 1963 must be a loving memory for Mets fans: that’s when their mascot, Mr. Met, was born. And he came to this world with only one purpose, to cheer the New York Mets for life, and oh-boy did he accomplish it!

For over four decades, and with a partner in crime who joined the family in the mid-1960s, Lady Met, this baseball-loving mascot with a giant baseball for a head, has not only been a mascot but has also become part of the family. Is he a part of yours?

7

Kool-Aid Man

Image: Reba Spike

This brand is one of the most consumed in America and, even though they didn’t need a mascot to be successful, the Kool-Aid man surely brought around a fair dose of cuteness and good marketing.

Originally known as Pitcher Man, which made sense since he is the drawing of a pitcher, he was later renamed Kool-Aid Man with a clear target audience: children. Once again, the brand mascot made it an undeniable success, and it soon became a cultural icon with an iconic "Oh, Yeah!" catchphrase that can make you thirsty just from reading it! Thank goodness we have the Kool-Aid man to assist us there!

8

The Laughing Cow

Image: Kenny Eliason

This brand has a namesake mascot which, ever since it was created in 1921, has undergone quite an evolution! The cheerful cow, known as the Laughing Cow, first appeared to promote high-quality dairy products when packaged cheese was a novelty.

The character, highly recognizable for its red color, has graced all kinds of the company’s product packages and has become a synonym for quality dairy products, so much so, that it continues to be the logo of the brand today!

9

Big Tex

Image: Ray Shrewsberry

If you are from Texas, or if you have attended its State Fair, you are probably familiar with this 55-foot-tall state mascot. Big Tex, the official mascot of the State Fair of Texas was introduced in 1952 as a repurposed Santa Claus figure!

At the time, he was completely transformed into the towering cowboy we all know today. With his classic cowboy hat and his iconic greeting "Howdy, folks!" However, it’s not entirely fair to call him just a mascot, as he actually serves as a cultural ambassador for everyone who visits the State Fair.

10

Cy the Cardinal

Image: Jacob Rice

Cereal, cleaning products, sports teams—mascots are everywhere. And universities also have their furry friends. In the case of Iowa State University, Cy the Cardinal is the one and he has been ever since 1954.

Born from a student contest to create a mascot that embodied the school pride, Cy was inspired by the university’s nickname, the Cyclones. He is characterized by his vibrant red plumage and his big smile, which is key to rallying fans at any sporting event. Isn’t he fierce?