1

Money Materials

Image: Jorge Salvador

We call them paper bills, but do they undergo the same process as any other paper? Naturally, they don’t. U.S. bills are mainly made of two materials: 75% of their composition is cotton and the 25% left is linen. Besides, they have randomly disbursed red and blue security fibers embedded in the paper.

This special blend is made by only one company in America and that is Crane & Co . The company, based in Massachusetts patented this special blend and it has been the sole provider of paper for currency since 1879.

2

Origin of the U.S. dollar symbol

Image: Paris Bilal

The dollar sign is a matter of debate. One line or two across a capital S, the symbol is today a worldwide sign for money, but where does it come from?

Even if there are several theories as to where the U.S. dollar symbol comes from, all of them agree that it was derived from the Spanish peso . When the time came, and the new nation needed its own currency, the basis was that of the Spanish coinage, which was the most common currency in the colonies before the country’s independence.

The adoption of the sign was made official in 1785, and today, the United States is not the only country that uses this symbol, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand do too!

3

Who appears on the bills?

Image: AR

Having your face forever stamped on the little piece of paper that rules the world should be a milestone in your career, right? However, there were certain rules as to who qualifies to be granted this honor .

Probably, the most surprising, yet the most logical one is that no living person can be portrayed in American currency. Since the Founding Fathers considered it unpatriotic to be portrayed while alive, this was first a tradition and then made official in an Act of Congress in 1866 .

However, contrary to popular belief, this honor is not only reserved for presidents! Anyone who contributes to the nation can be portrayed.

4

Folding Papers

Image: Emilio Takas

Bills come and go all the time. We take them out of our pockets and put them in our purses only to take them out again a few hours later and give them to the shop assistant. For a life that busy, we can only hope the paper is tough enough , right?

Well, as a matter of fact, it is. Compared to regular paper, which can only be folded 400 times before it breaks, money paper can be folded up to 8,000 times before it breaks .

It's not that you’re going to try it out and see, but you can rest assured: Fold your bills away, they can handle it!

5

Damaged Goods

Image: Jp Valery

Even if they can be folded that many times, the life of bills is limited, not to mention accidents happen. Who hasn’t sent a bill to the washing machine by chance?

So, what happens when a bill is damaged? Well, at least 50% of it has to be clearly identifiable for the bank to replace it , otherwise, you’ll just lose your money. You don’t feel like folding them much now, right?

On the other hand, and mainly due to time damage, at least 70% of the new bills are used to replace old bills . These bills, once taken out of circulation are shredded and sent to companies that can recycle them!

6

Security Features

Image: Colin Watts

Counterfeiting has been a problem ever since paper money was created and statistics about which countries counterfeited most of the money are simply shocking. But we won’t get into that.

What we will say is that thanks to technological advancement, the U.S. bill is getting harder and harder to counterfeit. In modern bills, there are at least six security features which are: UV security ribbon, raised printing, microprinting, 3D security ribbon, color-shifting ink, and traditional watermarks. Do you pay attention to them?

7

U.S. Coins

Image: Kenny Eliason

Coin production in America is in charge of the U.S. Mint and there are four production facilities across the country. They are located in Philadelphia, Denver, San Francisco, and West Point.

It is estimated that every year the Mint produces about 16 trillion coins which are valued at over $1.09 billion dollars. What is truly impressive is that Americans throw away an estimated 62 million dollars worth of coins every day!

They may not be worth much alone but don’t throw them away, all of them together can make you rich!

8

Green Ink

Image: maria pagan

Have you ever wondered why the U.S. dollar bills were green? It is not about design or aesthetics, even if we think they look pretty.

The decision to use green ink was a matter of security, in order to prevent counterfeiting. Back then, black and white ink made it easier to create photographic fakes. For that reason, green was the color of choice, and, when paper money was standardized in 1929, it had great acceptance due to the positive connotations of the color . Do you like it?

9

Andrew Jackson’s Take on Paper Money

Image: Elsa Olofsson

Every denomination has an important figure stamped on the front. In the case of the 20-dollar bill, Andrew Jackson was the chosen one.

Jackson was the seventh president of the United States and, even if it is not a rule that only presidents can be portrayed, his contributions gained him this honor.

Ironically, Jackson was not in favor of using paper money. For him, only gold and silver coins should have remained legal tender. After learning this, one can only assume he wouldn’t be so happy to be the face of the 20-dollar bill, right?

10

Facelifts and redesigns

Image: Kenny Eliason

One of the ways of keeping paper money safe and hard to counterfeit is by giving the bills new designs.

New faces were expected to appear in future bills, but, in the meantime, the changes always had to do with the proportions of the elements within each denomination. Bigger faces, rearrangement of the signatures, stuff like that.

Now, these changes and facelifts haven’t reached all the bills. 1-dollar bills haven’t been changed or redesigned ever since 1929. Why is that? Because it is not worth the trouble for criminals to counterfeit. One dollar won’t take them too far!

1

Desert Blaze

Image: Manda Hansen

The Mojave Desert spans California, Nevada, and Arizona and is home to Death Valley, where the highest temperature ever recorded on Earth was 134°F in 1913. Despite these hostile conditions, the region still hosts a great diversity of wildlife, including coyotes, bobcats, and desert tortoises, all adapted to survive with minimal water.

The desert’s extreme heat and arid landscape are also home to unique flora such as the Joshua tree, which thrives in spite of the poor soil and dry air.

2

Arctic Frontier

Image: Yuval Zukerman

Alaska's tundra is a cold desert with freezing temperatures and long winters. Permafrost, a layer of permanently frozen ground, covers much of this region, making habitation challenging. However, beneath the ice lies a wealth of natural resources, including vast oil reserves.

During the summer—due to its latitude—the tundra experiences 24-hour daylight, known as the "midnight sun," though the landscape remains largely frozen and treeless. Wildlife, including caribou, arctic foxes, and polar bears, have adapted to survive these extreme conditions.

3

Rocky Peaks

Image: Joshua Woroniecki

The Rockies feature a high-altitude alpine climate, where temperatures drop with elevation, often resulting in snowfall even in the middle of summer. Hikers and tourists from all over the world come to this region to appreciate the striking mountains and its beautiful forests.

These snow-covered peaks are also a crucial part of America’s water supply, as the snowpack feeds major rivers like the Colorado River that provide drinking water to millions in the Southwest.

4

Great Plains Winds

Image: Raychel Sanner

Stretching across the center of the country, the Great Plains is known for its fierce winds and severe weather, particularly tornadoes. Tornado Alley, which covers states like Kansas and Oklahoma, experiences more tornadoes than anywhere else in the world, thanks to the collision of warm Gulf air and cold Arctic fronts.

The region’s semi-arid climate also makes it prone to droughts, as seen during the infamous Dust Bowl of the 1930s. Despite these harsh conditions, the Plains are known as America’s breadbasket, producing massive amounts of wheat, corn, and soybeans that feed the whole nation.

5

Humid South

Image: Michael Sanchez

The Southeast’s humid subtropical climate means long, hot summers with high humidity levels, often reaching over 90%. Frequent thunderstorms and hurricanes are also common in this area, with states like Florida and Louisiana bearing the brunt of some of the most powerful storms in U.S. history, including Hurricane Katrina in 2005.

The warm and wet environment fosters lush and thick vegetation where cypress trees, Spanish moss, and dense wetlands create unique ecosystems. The region is also known for its rich diversity of wildlife, which includes alligators, turtles, and numerous bird species.

6

California Sunshine

Image: Spencer DeMera

Southern California's Mediterranean climate features mild winters and hot, dry summers, with Los Angeles receiving an average of just 15 inches of rain annually. This climate has made the area a global hub for agriculture, especially in the Central Valley, where crops like almonds, avocados, and citrus thrive.

The sunny weather also makes California a popular tourist destination, attracting millions to its beaches and outdoor activities. However, this climate also brings challenges, such as frequent droughts and devastating wildfires that can sweep across the dry landscape.

7

Pacific Northwest Rain

Image: Dave Hoefler

The Pacific Northwest is famous for its temperate rainforests, with areas like the Hoh Rainforest receiving over 140 inches of rain annually. This constant rainfall supports some of the largest and oldest trees in the country, including towering Douglas firs and redwoods.

While the cool air and consistent moisture nourish its rainforests, it also contributes to cloudy skies that block sunlight for much of the year. This prolonged overcast weather is linked to a high incidence of seasonal affective disorder (SAD), as the lack of sunlight affects mood and energy levels for many residents.

8

Tropical Keys

Image: Hector Falcon

The Florida Keys are one of the only regions of the U.S. with true tropical climate, with warm temperatures year-round and rainy and dry seasons rather than the traditional four seasons. Key West, the southernmost point in the country, never experiences freezing temperatures, making it a popular escape during the colder months.

While the tropical breezes make for a laid-back island vibe, the area is also vulnerable to hurricanes, which have historically caused significant damage. Yet, the Keys’ coral reefs, the only living coral barrier reef in the U.S., attract divers from all over the world to explore its colorful marine life.

9

Appalachian Fog

Image: Rachel Davis

The Appalachian Mountains have a temperate climate with heavy rainfall, often shrouded in fog, especially in the Great Smoky Mountains. But the iconic fog of this region isn’t just moisture; it’s actually caused by volatile organic compounds released by the dense forests. These compounds then mix with moisture and sunlight, creating the characteristic blue-tinged haze that gives the Smokies their name.

This consistent moisture also supports the rich biodiversity of the region. The thick forests, often cloaked in mist, provide an ideal environment for countless plant and animal species, making it one of North America's most ecologically diverse areas.

10

New England Winters

Image: Robert Thiemann

New England’s cold, snowy winters have been immortalized in literature and art, and it’s no wonder—states like Maine and Vermont regularly see seasonal snowfalls exceeding 100 inches!

Blizzards and nor’easters are common, with storms bringing fierce winds and heavy snow, sometimes leaving towns isolated for days. The region’s long winters are perfect for skiing, and it is home to some of the oldest ski resorts in America, such as Stowe in Vermont.

1

The Government impersonator

Image: Harold Mendoza

One of the most common scams targeting senior citizens involves fraudsters posing as a member of a government agency such as the FTC, Social Security Administration, IRS, or Medicare. The basic pitch is similar to many others: the caller claims that if the target does not pay a fee or provide personal information, they will face serious consequences.

Government agencies will never call, email, text, or message you on social media to request money or personal information . Only scammers engage in such tactics.

2

Fake Prize, Sweepstakes, and Lottery

Image: dylan nolte

Another common scam involves a call, email, or letter informing the recipient that they have won a sweepstakes, lottery, prize, or even a new car. The next part of their message is the key to uncovering the racket: the scammer will request money or personal account information to "claim" the prize . No serious company will ask for such things by telephone or email to award a prize.

3

Tech Support

Image: Simon Abrams

Technology can be intimidating to anyone who is not familiar with it, and tech support scammers know this. These individuals will attempt to convince their targets that their computer or phone has a serious issue, such as a virus.

Scammers often pressure victims into paying for unnecessary services that are not really needed or offer to do the repairs remotely if the recipient grants them access. They may use pop-up error messages, phone calls, or text messages to carry out their scheme. To protect yourself, always keep your antivirus software up to date.

4

'Grandparent' Scams

Image: Nikoline Arns

Exploiting emotional connections is a basic on any scammer’s manual and grandparents are frequent targets. Fraudsters may call and impersonate a grandchild or another close relative in distress , urgently requesting financial assistance .

If you receive such a call, hang up immediately and contact the family member directly to verify their well-being before taking any action.

5

Robocalls

Image: Jenna Anderson

Robocalls use automated phone technology to dial large numbers of households. One common scam is the "Can you hear me?" call. When the recipient responds "yes," the scammer records their voice and quickly hangs up. This recorded response can then be used as a voice signature to authorize fraudulent charges on stolen credit cards or other accounts.

6

Romance Scams

Image: Mayur Gala

Online dating and loneliness may seem like a natural match, but scammers have long exploited this opportunity. Romance scammers create elaborate fake profiles, often on social media, to take advantage of senior adults' loneliness and manipulate them for money.

They may request money for visas, medical emergencies, or travel expenses to visit the US. Since they tend to last for a long time, these types of scams can rob an older person of substantial amounts of money before realizing they’ve been deceived.

7

Business Imposter

Image: Constantin Wenning

This type of scam can take a serious financial toll on senior adults. This type of ruse involves the illegal or alleged sale of financial instruments promising low risk and guaranteed returns. The use of cryptocurrency is common in these scams, as it can be difficult to trace.

8

Pigeon Drop

Image: Alexander Mils

A pigeon drop scam occurs when a scammer offers the victim a large sum of money in exchange for a smaller upfront payment . While this should immediately raise suspicion, many people still fall for it. These scams are often carried out in person at tourist spots but can also happen frequently over the phone .

A classic example is an email claiming that the sender has inherited money from a distant relative but needs a small payment from you to transfer the funds.

9

Counterfeit Cashier's Checks

Image: Gadini

Cashier’s checks have been around for a long time and have been the subject of counterfeiters ever since. While forgeries can be highly convincing, a common red flag is being asked to deposit a check under suspicious circumstances and then return a portion of the funds to a stranger —chances are, it is a scam.

10

Travel Packages

Image: Marten Bjork

A tourist hoping for a dream vacation instead found cramped rooms and terrible accommodations that fell far short of expectations —this is not a new story.

To avoid such disappointments, travelers should always request information directly from the hotel in question and confirm which features are included in their selected package. Additionally, they should never provide credit card information unless they initiate the call or email.

11

Home Repair

Image: Jimmy Nilsson Masth

Another common scam involves criminals who appear in person and charge homeowners in advance for home improvement services they never provide . These scammers often pose as employees of utility companies.

If someone receives an unexpected visit like this, they should always call the company to verify the person's identity before allowing them inside.

12

Caregivers

Image: Ani Kolleshi

This one strikes particularly hard since caregivers are supposed to help people when they are most vulnerable. Unfortunately, sometimes, unscrupulous individuals can take advantage of the senior adults they are supposed to care for and steal their money .

Always make sure to screen anybody who will be in charge of, or around, a senior adult that requires assistance.