Geography Geography 4 min read

Smalltown, USA

Is your state’s capital one of the smallest in the country?

Image: John Holm

Not every state capital is a huge city packed with high-rises and traffic. Some of them are closer to small towns, where you can stroll from the government buildings to local diners in just a few minutes. These modest capitals still handle big jobs, from passing budgets to signing laws. Take a look at 12 of America’s smallest state capitals and see if your state made the list.

1
Montpellier, Vermont

Image: Craig Tidball

Montpellier is the smallest state capital in the United States, with only about 8,000 residents along the Winooski River. Instead of traffic jams and towers, you get shops, quiet streets, and a gold-domed Capitol rising above the roofs .

Founded in the late 1700s and named after a city in France, Montpellier still feels more like a New England village than the seat of power that it is.

2
Pierre, South Dakota

Image: Jon Sailer

Pierre, South Dakota’s capital, is one of the quietest capitals in America , with only around 14,000 residents. It sits high on the bluffs of the Missouri River, where prairie hills roll into wide water and sunsets.

Life here runs at a slower pace than in most capital cities. Government buildings share streets with modest homes, fishing spots, and family-run shops.

3
Augusta, Maine

Image: Keith Luke

Maine’s capital is a compact city on the banks of the Kennebec River. With a population well under 20,000 , it trades towering skylines for church steeples, brick storefronts, and a tidy state house.

The city’s roots go back to colonial trading days, and that history shows in its older neighborhoods and riverside mills. Museums, offices, and small coffee shops occupy most of the city’s center.

4
Frankfort, Kentucky

Image: Tolga Ahmetler

Frankfort, the capital of Kentucky, sits in a river valley surrounded by grass hills. With only 28,000 inhabitants, it’s smaller than many nearby college towns , and keeps a relaxed pace even while housing the ornate state capitol and many of the state’s main offices.

Old brick buildings, historic bourbon distilleries, and close neighborhoods give Frankfort a cozy, walkable feel. On workdays, lawmakers and staff share streets with locals grabbing lunch.

5
Helena, Montana

Image: Steven Cordes

Montana’s capital began as a gold rush camp in the 1860s and never became a huge metropolis . Today, it remains a mid-sized mountain town, with 33,000 inhabitants, historic brick blocks, steep hills, and the state capitol dome.

Trails and open land sit only minutes away from government buildings, so hikers and cyclists mix with office workers at day’s end.

6
Juneau, Alaska

Image: Marco Tjokro

The remote capital of Alaska is one of the few state capitals that you cannot reach by road . It can only be reached by air or sea. Wedged between steep mountains and icy waterways, it remains relatively small, with a population of 31,000 individuals.

Cruise ships, fishing boats, and floatplanes share the waterfront with government offices and houses on the hillsides. Glaciers, forests, and whales are never far away, making this capital city an incredible place to live.

7
Dover, Delaware

Image: Library of Congress

With a population of around 39,000, Delaware’s capital keeps the feel of a small colonial town even as it manages modern state business . Streets near the Capitol Square are lined with brick homes, churches, and public buildings that date back to the American Revolution.

Instead of a dense downtown, Dover offers broad streets, open lawns, and local shops that serve residents more than tourists.

8
Annapolis, Maryland

Image: Wen Zhu

With 40,000 individuals, Annapolis, Maryland’s capital, proves that a city can be small in size and big in history . Narrow streets wind past eighteenth-century houses, brick taverns, and the domed state house that once served as the nation’s capital.

Its harbor holds sailboats, crab boats, and U.S. Naval Academy midshipmen more often than commuters. Coffee houses, galleries, and waterfront benches make Annapolis feel more like a relaxed resort town than a state capital.

9
Jefferson City, Missouri

Image: Samantha Sheppard

The capital city of Missouri sits above a bend in the Missouri River. Smaller than many of the state’s other cities, it is the home of 42,000 individuals. It trades sprawl for tidy neighborhoods, a compact downtown, and a tall capitol overlooking the water .

Named for President Thomas Jefferson, the city balances government workdays with a slower Midwestern rhythm.

10
Concord, New Hampshire

Image: Nils Huenerfuerst

New Hampshire’s capital is a modest New England city where church steeples and a granite state house rise above low-rise streets. With a population of 44,000, it’s smaller than many capitals, and it keeps rush hour brief and downtown walkable.

The city’s history stretches back to colonial days, and older buildings still frame the main streets. Concord also hosts civic events, shops, and offices that keep it lively, mixing a hometown feeling with the grandeur of a state capital.

11
Charleston, West Virginia

Image: Documerica

West Virginia’s capital sits where the Elk and Kanawha Rivers meet, backed by lush green hills. With 45,000 individuals calling it home, it is smaller than many people expect , with neighborhoods climbing the slopes and a gold-domed Capitol reflecting in the water below.

Coal country history, riverfront parks, and a modest downtown give Charlestown a charming regional flavor. Commuters share roads with barge workers and weekend fishermen, and the city’s size makes government feel close to everyday life.

12
Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

Image: Andre Frueh

The capital of Pennsylvania is modest in population compared with its big neighbors, like Philadelphia and Pittsburgh . It "only" has about 50,000 inhabitants. Its green-domed Capitol can be seen from afar, in the skyline of mid-rise offices and row houses along the wide Susquehanna River.

Once a major transportation crossroads, Harrisburg still feels more manageable than many urban centers. Riverfront walkways, historic districts, and nearby small towns keep this capital’s rhythm comfortable.

General General 3 min read

Eat your greens!

Debunking 12 common myths about healthy eating habits

Image: Anh Nguyen

Dieting is not a perfect science with ideal outcomes or easily traceable numbers. As such, it is prone to false claims, myths, and fads that have been repeated enough to be deemed as right by many people. Take a look at these 12 myths about healthy eating and dieting. Which ones have you heard?

1
Give up your favorite food to lose weight

Image: amirali mirhashemian

Small amounts of your favorite high-calorie foods can be included in a weight-loss plan . Just remember to keep track of your total calorie intake. To lose weight, you must burn more calories than you consume.

2
Avoid bread, pasta, and rice

Image: Eaters Collective

Grains themselves aren’t necessarily bad or unhealthy. Consuming whole grains—such as brown rice, whole-wheat bread, cereal, and pasta—as part of a healthy eating plan is a good idea because whole grains provide iron, fiber, and other important nutrients .

3
Choose gluten-free foods

Image: mohamed hassouna

Gluten-free foods are not necessarily healthier if you don’t have celiac disease or a gluten sensitivity. Gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye grains. If you don’t have these health issues but avoid gluten anyway, you may miss out on important vitamins, fiber, and minerals.

4
Avoid all fats

Image: Kelly Sikkema

Despite all the bad press, not all fats are bad. Fat provides essential nutrients and should be an important part of a healthy eating plan. However, because fats have more calories per gram than protein or carbohydrates (or "carbs"), it is important to limit fat intake to avoid consuming extra calories.

5
Avoid dairy products

Image: Kenny Eliason

Dairy products are an important food group because they provide proteins needed to build muscles and support organ function , as well as calcium to strengthen bones.

Most dairy products, such as milk and some yogurts, have added vitamin D to help the body absorb calcium, since many Americans don’t get enough of these nutrients.

6
Go vegetarian to lose weight

Image: Anna Pelzer

Embracing a fully vegetarian diet only leads to weight loss if you reduce your total calorie intake . As often happens, some vegetarians may make food choices that could lead to weight gain, such as eating large amounts of foods high in sugar, fat, and calories.

Eating small amounts of lean meats can also be part of a healthy plan to lose or maintain weight.

7
Don’t snack between meals

Image: Shreyak Singh

There is nothing wrong with snacking. It can help prevent overeating at meals , provided the snacks are healthy —like apples, peanut butter, low-fat cheese, or whole-grain crackers.

8
Healthy eating is expensive

Image: Louis Hansel

Healthy eating can be expensive, but it doesn’t have to be. With a little planning and smart shopping , you can enjoy a much healthier diet on a budget . Many people think produce is too costly, but there are plenty of examples that prove otherwise. For instance, a large bag of lettuce is affordable and lasts a long time.

9
Avoid late-night snacks

Image: nrd

Late snacking isn’t inherently a problem. The real issue is when your late-night snacks are unhealthy . The time of day is not as important as what you eat. If you’re eating ice cream or chips and dip, you’ll gain weight—no matter what time it is.

10
Diet soda is better than regular soda

Image: Kenny Eliason

Multiple studies have linked diet soda to an increased risk of diabetes , metabolic syndrome, and obesity, though causation is still debated. Nonetheless, if you’re looking for a healthier soda alternative, try flavored water, sparkling water, or unsweetened tea.

11
Non-nutritive sweeteners are healthy

Image: Towfiqu barbhuiya

The increasing demand for low-calorie, low-carb, sugar-free foods has led to a larger portion of products containing non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS).

While it’s clear that a diet high in added sugar increases disease risk, intake of NNS may also raise the risk of type 2 diabetes by causing negative changes in gut bacteria and promoting blood sugar dysregulation.

12
White potatoes are unhealthy

Image: Lars Blankers

Delicious potatoes are often labeled as "unhealthy" because they are frequently eaten in unhealthy ways. However, these starchy vegetables are highly nutritious , providing potassium, vitamin C, and fiber , and can be included as part of a healthy diet. The key is to cook or bake potatoes, but never fry them.

Geography Geography 5 min read

WOULD YOU VENTURE INTO THESE FORSAKEN PLACES?

Urb-Ex: 10 Spots To Experience The Thrill Of Exploring Abandoned Places

Image: Christian Paul Stobbe

Short for Urban Exploration, Urb-Ex is the act of exploring abandoned buildings. Whoever walked through a once-inhabited and now-deserted place knows the strange allure that this activity generates.

America is crawling with that kind of place. Somewhere, somehow, an asylum, a space shuttle tank, a ghost ship, a school, a bunker, and just about every type of structure that can be built, has been abandoned. Read on and discover 10 of these haunting locations.

1
Edinburgh Manor, Iowa

Image: Yener Ozturk

Thanks, in no small part, to horror movies and documentaries, asylums make great abandoned places. So, we might as well start our list with Edinburgh Manor , a once-bustling institution located in Iowa. Built in the early 1900s, this huge building served as a home for the mentally ill, the elderly, and the indigent, until 2010.

Today, Edinburgh Manor continues to harbor visitors but in the form of thrill chasers who seek to experience the paranormal within the mysterious walls of the immense asylum, even daring to stay the night on its premises. Would you dare to be one of them?

2
Dinosaur Mini Golf Ruins, California

Image: Dan Meyers

Dinosaurs and golf are two entirely different things. But in the cultural melting pot that is California, it seemed like a good idea to build a dinosaur-themed mini golf course in the town of Apple Valley, complete with 15-foot-tall creatures rendered in concrete.

Alas, the economics of the whole endeavor proved too much for its creator, who was forced to abandon his dream to the desert. Today, the deteriorating remains of these dinosaurs can still be visited, as an attraction that lures travelers off the highway.

3
Space Shuttle Fuel Tank, Green Cove Springs, Florida

Image: SpaceX

Picture a humongous 154-foot-long space fuel tank sitting alone in the middle of nowhere. For many years, this tank stood on display at the Kennedy Space Center. But after the Space Shuttle program ended in 2011, NASA announced that they would remove the test fuel tank to make room for the retired space shuttle Atlantis, along with a new exhibition facility. The tank was auctioned off and sold to the Wings of Dreams Aviation Museum in Keystone Heights, Florida.

It took a 200-foot barge, two tugboats, and cranes to transport the massive tank to Green Cove Springs, where it would be temporarily held before moving to its final destination. But the logistics of moving such a massive structure proved difficult, and that temporary staging site seems to have become the fuel tank’s final home.

4
Meigs Field Tower and Terminal, Illinois

Image: Mads Eneqvist

An abandoned airport ranks high amongst the personal goals of any urban explorer worth its salt. And, to anyone close to Chicago, Meigs Field certainly delivers. Built on an artificial peninsula, the airport functioned as such from 1948 to 2003.

Today it no longer works as an airport but the stubby control tower is still very much recognizable as such, standing watch over the breezy park and its native grasses and birds.

While the tower is closed to the public, the old terminal building is not; it houses a Parks Department Visitor’s Center.

5
Old Zoo Nature Trails, Texas

Image: Matthew Cabret

A long-abandoned zoo repurposed as a hiking trail? Sign me up! The Cisco Zoo in rural Texas functioned as such for only a few years starting in the 1920s until it closed its doors due to a poisoned bear, a mysterious deer death, and other factors.

Visitors can walk through the rusted enclosures and concrete shelters where the animals were once kept, and even find the remains of what were once offices used by zoo staff. The ruins form an eerie backdrop to an otherwise tranquil 1.5-mile track still in the shadow of the dam.

6
Redstone Coke Ovens, Colorado

Image: Nadia Jamnik

Picture a mysterious "town" made up of several lines of man-made caves of equal dimensions, with open entrances like dark mouths. Now place it in a mountainous terrain, in the middle of nowhere. Welcome to Colorado Fuel and Iron coke ovens , in Coal Basin.

Built in 1899, the 249 ovens worked only for a few years, until 1908. In recent decades, the site was recognized as a historic one, and nowadays, many ovens remain intact and open to the public.

7
Black River Ghost Ship, Ohio

Image: zhao chen

Another high-ranking site in the books of any urban explorer is a ghost ship . Located on the banks of the Black River outside of Cleveland, lies a bit of a nautical mystery for the residents of Lorain, Ohio. Sinking into the muddy water along the shore and listing to one side, rusting away a little more each season, is a 90-foot-long Canadian automobile ferry that mysteriously appeared docked under the bridge sometime around 2003.

For the last 20 years, the ship has remained where it dropped anchor all those years ago. No one knows what will happen to the ship. But, for now, it serves as a decaying piece of maritime history that is well worth the walk to the top of the bridge in Lorain to view.

8
Lando School, South Carolina

Image: Evgeny Matveev

Going back to your former school as an adult is a recurring dream for many. Going back to your former school and walking through its ruins is a slightly less common dream, but it is also known to happen. And, if you went to school before the year 1955 in the Lando Schoolhouse in South Carolina, you can live the dream.

The school ruins feature classrooms, an auditorium, and balcony seatings above, all on three floors full of eerie corners, dusty blackboards, and forgotten tables. Quite creepy, right?

9
Abandoned Castle Video Games, South Carolina

Image: Chris Anderson

A defunct casino building fashioned as a castle, complete with a stone exterior, an arched wooden door, a looming knight statue, turrets, and other cliché castle features. It doesn’t get much better than that.

Castle Video Games was a video gambling center in the late 80s and early 90s until the Carolina Supreme Court ruled video gambling illegal, thus shutting the casino castle doors forever.

10
Camp Hayden, Washington

Image: Greg Panagiotoglou

Bunkers are gloomy places by design, with very little room for windows, if any, and an oppressive atmosphere. Now, imagine being in a World War II abandoned bunker at the end of a thickly forested road inside the Salt Creek Recreation Area west of Port Angeles, Washington.

One of seven locations in Washington’s system, this bunker featured a fire control radar and harbor entrance radar. Constructed of steel-shielded concrete, the structure was designed to withstand a direct hit. All of the bunkers still stand, and portions of the interiors are accessible to explorers.

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