1

Cornhole

Image: Jon Tyson

Cornhole reigns as the king of backyard games, combining skill and strategy with just the right amount of casual fun. Originating in the Midwest , players take turns tossing bean bags at a slanted board with a hole in it. Points are scored based on where the bag lands, with a perfect shot through the hole earning the coveted "cornhole."

2

Lawn Darts

Image: Afif Ramdhasuma

Once banned for safety concerns, modern lawn darts have undergone a safety makeover, now often sporting darts with plastic tips. Players take turns throwing darts toward a target ring on the ground, with the age-old game focusing on accuracy and a steady hand, making it a favorite for those who enjoy a real challenge .

3

Bocce Ball

Image: Braedon McLeod

Hailing from ancient Rome but finding a home in American yards, bocce ball involves tossing larger balls towards a smaller target ball, or pallino . Similar to curling and other such games, the goal is to get your ball closest to the pallino, all while strategically blocking opponents' shots. It's a game of finesse and strategy, often accompanied by good-natured banter - and what good lawn game isn’t?

4

Horseshoes

Image: Meg MacDonald

Dating back to ancient Greece (through a similar game called "quoits," where iron hoops are thrown instead), horseshoes remain a staple in American backyard culture. Players aim to toss horseshoes around a metal stake, scoring points based on proximity. This game combines skill and luck, with each ringer celebrated as a triumph of accuracy and expertise.

5

Croquet

Image: Troy Taylor

With origins in 19th-century England, croquet has become a refined addition to American backyard gatherings. Players use mallets to hit balls through a series of wickets arranged on the lawn, blending the gentle pace and strategic gameplay to make croquet a favorite among those who enjoy a more leisurely but still competitive game.

6

Ladder Toss

Image: Meritt Thomas

Also known as ladder golf, this game involves tossing bolas (two balls connected by a string) onto a ladder-shaped structure. Points are earned based on where the bolas land—the top rung yielding the most points and the bottom the least. It's easy to learn but challenging to master, keeping players engaged for hours.

7

Giant Jenga

Image: Meritt Thomas

Jenga , upsized to giant proportions, adds a nerve-wracking twist to backyard game nights. Players take turns removing wooden blocks from a tower and placing them on top without causing it to collapse. With each move potentially deciding the tower's fate, just like its smaller counterpart, Giant Jenga is a game that demands steady hands and clear strategic foresight.

8

Tug of War

Image: Anna Samoylova

A test of sheer strength and teamwork, tug of war pits two teams against each other in a battle of brute force. Using a sturdy rope, teams pull in opposite directions, aiming to drag the other team over a designated line. A game as ancient as rope itself , it's a primal display of competitiveness and camaraderie that never fails to energize a crowd.

9

Potato Sack Race

Image: Diego Catto

Bringing back memories of school field days, the potato sack race is a lighthearted sprint that requires nothing more than a burlap sack and some open space. Participants hop their way to the finish line, competing for the thrill of the race and the joy of friendly competition . It's simple, silly, and undeniably fun—a perfect way to wrap up a day of outdoor festivities.

10

Spikeball

Image: Spikeball

A recent phenomenon, spikeball is a competitive lawn game that has surged in popularity, offering a fast-paced twist on traditional volleyball . Played with a small trampoline-like net placed at ankle level, teams of two hit a small ball off the net, aiming to bounce it in such a way that the opposing team cannot return. It's athletic, energetic, and ideal for satisfying competitive spirits on sunny afternoons.

1

American Alligator

Image: Joshua J. Cotten

Let's start with a powerful one. While they say not to judge by appearances, only one look at an American alligator's face can confirm it might not be the friendliest creature around.

Populating freshwater habitats in the southeastern U.S., males can grow up to 15 feet long. In addition to their impressive size, they have incredibly strong jaws , one of the most powerful in the animal kingdom.

American alligators are also excellent hunters, as they know how to blend into their surroundings while waiting for prey to approach. Clever tactics!

2

Western Diamondback Rattlesnake

Image: Amber Wolfe

The American alligator is not the only reptile on this list. We also have the stellar presence of the impressive Western diamondback rattlesnake. With a name like that, how could it possibly go unnoticed? But believe us, its name is not the only surprising thing about it.

This reptile has particularly large fangs compared to other snakes, and what's even more fascinating is that they are quickly replaced if one breaks or gets damaged. When this carnivorous predator confronts its prey —generally rodents, birds, or some other reptiles— it uses those fangs to inject its venom , a toxin capable of hindering coagulation and even causing tissue damage.

3

Grizzly bear

Image: Becca

This huge creature is far from a cuddly care bear. We are talking about the fearsome grizzly bear, a giant that can weigh up to 1,500 pounds and reach 10 feet tall when standing on its hind legs.

And as if its size were not enough, the great strength of this beast and its territorial nature make it a threat to other species. In addition, despite being omnivores, their sharp claws and large teeth make them tough predators.

One more scary detail: Don't be fooled by its size; grizzly bears can reach speeds of up to 35 miles per hour!

4

Cougar

Image: Robert Sachowski

"Cougar" is a nicer name for the creature also known as a mountain lion, an impressive feline that ranks as the second-largest cat in the Americas, just behind the jaguar.

The cougar can weigh up to 220 pounds and measure up to 8 feet long. Can you imagine a kitten that size? With its claws, teeth, and pointed ears! Despite its name, the mountain lion can adapt to different environments: cold mountains, forests, and even deserts.

But what truly distinguishes this animal is its stealthiness. This solitary creature is an intelligent and cautious predator, approaching its prey slowly and quietly until it's time to attack.

5

American bison

Image: Leslie Driskill

If you got shocked by the 220 pounds of the cougar or the 1,500 pounds of the grizzly bear, just wait until you hear how much the American bison can weigh.

Males of this imposing animal can reach 2,000 pounds! In addition, some specimens reach 6.5 feet from hoof to shoulders. Despite its size and strength, the American bison is an herbivore , which means it doesn't attack other animals for food.

But wait, if this beautiful animal gets angry, its defense can be truly intimidating; just picture a horned creature of that size approaching. It can also run at a speed of up to 35 miles per hour! Definitely an incredible animal.

6

Black widow spider

Image: Jared Subia

The black widow is not only a comic book character but also one of the most feared creatures on this list. This arthropod lives throughout the southern and western United States, as it prefers warm, dry climates.

Unlike other animals, the black widow is a threat to other species and also to its own. This spider's name comes from its notorious behavior: sometimes, the female devours the male.

In addition to this creepy detail, its appearance is also spooky. It has a shiny black body with a bright red marking on its abdomen. But that's not all; this spider also has potent venom used to immobilize its prey. Fortunately, experts say it typically only bites in self-defense.

7

Great white shark

Image: Gerald Schömbs

5,000 pounds , 20 feet long, and several rows of sharp teeth capable of delivering a bite force of up to 4,000 pounds per square inch; this is the impressive great white shark.

Despite its size, it can swim agilely with a speed of up to 25 miles per hour. This fearsome predator, found along both the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of the United States, uses all its advantages to attack its prey quickly and surprisingly.

While their visibility is low, they rely on their ability to perceive the electromagnetic fields of other creatures! Looks like an invincible predator, doesn't it?

8

Black bear

Image: Greg Johnson

While slightly smaller than the grizzly bear, the black bear is still intimidating. With an average weight of 450 pounds , it's a large animal, equipped with sharp claws and teeth that can quickly appear if it or its cubs feel threatened.

In addition to their speed of up to 30 mph, these agile animals can also climb trees! And yes, the myth is true: they do love honey (who wouldn't, right?).

Here's another fun fact: despite their name, black bears can have black, brown, or blond fur.

9

Coral snake

Image: MART PRODUCTION

The rattlesnake isn't the only snake making this list. The coral snake definitely earned its spot, too.

Famed and feared worldwide, this snake species possesses a potent venom that can immobilize and cause respiratory failure in its prey. In addition, its small size (about 2 to 3 feet in length) helps it go unnoticed by other animals before it bites them.

Found in the southeastern United States, the coral snake is known for its impressive appearance but is generally not very aggressive unless provoked. Did you know other snakes mimic the coral snake's colors to appear more intimidating and keep predators away? You know, nature is wise.

10

Fire ants

Image: oktavianus mulyadi

This list isn't just about huge horns, sharp teeth, and hefty bodies; there are also creatures the size of a rice grain.

We're talking about fire ants, tiny but strong insects with a fearsome reputation. Why is the aggressiveness of such a small creature so scary? Well, because their stings are really painful , something that no animal species would want to experience. But that's not all; fire ants have the ability to sting and bite at the same time, causing pain, itching, and burning.

Like all ants, they have a very organized society . Every time they perceive their colony threatened, they launch a chemical alarm and start defending their home like an army!

1

A secret convention

The Constitutional Convention gathered between May 25 and September 17, 1787, in Independence Hall, Philadelphia, at that moment the seat of the U.S. government. Although the initial intention had been to "fix" the government delineated in the Articles of the Confederation, the constituents, also known as the "Framers", decided to write a new document altogether. For nearly five months, delegates from 12 states (Rhode Island had refused to participate) deliberated in secret , wanting to avoid external pressure but also any leak or rumor that could lead to mass panic.

2

A controversial document

While James Madison is hailed as the "Father of the Constitution" for his role in shaping our government, the document as we know it was mainly drafted by Pennsylvania delegate Gouverneur Morris. Although the convention had reluctantly agreed on 23 points, the final draft only contained seven, plus a preamble and a closing endorsement . This result, caused by several necessary compromises, disappointed many delegates, including Benjamin Franklin, who still voted in favor because they believed that they couldn’t reach a better agreement.

3

Spelling errors

The text for the Constitution had been drafted by Gouverneur Morris, but the document to be signed was penned on five parchment pages by Jacob Shallus, an assistant clerk to the Pennsylvania General Assembly. Shallus received $30 for his work (equivalent to about $750 today). The document was written quite hastily, which led to misspellings in the text , although some of them might have been common alternative spellings at that time, such as "chuse" instead of "choose". The most famous error is "Pensylvania" in the list of signatory states, a list written by Alexander Hamilton, not by Shallus.

4

The compromises

The heated debates about the new government forced the delegates to reach a series of compromises. The most significant concerned state representation (larger states wanted proportional votes, smaller states demanded equal representation), whether enslaved people counted towards state population, and the executive government’s election method. As a result, the Convention decided on a Bicameral legislature (the House of Representatives with proportional representation and the Senate with equal representation), counted three-fifths of the enslaved population towards representation and taxation, and decided on an electoral college to balance popular votes and state electors.

5

The constituents

The convention, presided over by George Washington, was comprised of delegates from 12 states, a mix of lawyers, merchants, landowners, physicians, and public officials. All of them had political experience, having served in the Continental Congress, the Confederation Congress, or as signers of the Declaration of Independence , although their ages varied. New Jersey delegate Jonathan Dayton was the youngest constituent, at 26 years old, while Pennsylvania delegate Benjamin Franklin was the oldest, at 81 years old.

6

The men who refused

The Constitutional Convention had 55 delegates in total, but not all of them signed the Constitution or were even present at the signing. Thirteen of them had returned to their states due to professional or personal reasons, or as a form of protest. George Mason, Elbridge Gerry, and Edmund Randolph remained at the convention, but refused to sign the Constitution without a Bill of Rights. In the end, only 39 out of 55 delegates signed the final document.

7

Delaware, the First State

Although Delaware is traditionally regarded as the 13th colony, and it functioned as such with its own assembly, it had always been part of Pennsylvania, only becoming an independent state with the start of the Revolutionary War. The second-smallest state beside Rhode Island, Delaware was the first to unanimously ratify the new U.S. Constitution , less than three months after it was signed, making it the first state to join the Union and earning it the nickname of "The First State".

8

The Bill of Rights

The inclusion of a Bill of Rights had been debated during the Constitutional Convention, but it had been rejected under the argument that it could imply that any right not mentioned did not exist. However, this posed a later issue, as some states flat-out refused to ratify a Constitution that lacked protection of individual rights. To ensure ratification, these states were promised that a bill of rights would be added. The Constitution was fully ratified on May 29, 1790, and the Bill of Rights, composed of ten amendments, was added on December 15, 1791.

9

What about slavery?

The terms "slave" or "slavery" do not appear in the original text of the Constitution, but this doesn’t mean the institution was not contemplated or protected in the document. The text spoke of people "bound to service", counted three-fifths of them towards a state’s population, prevented Congress from banning the import of enslaved people until 1808, and included a clause to return fugitives to their enslavers. It was not until 1865, with the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment, that the text of the Constitution formally addressed slavery, abolishing it across the U.S.

10

Amendments

Article V of the original text delineated the mechanism to amend the Constitution, contemplating that the government should be able to change as the nation changed. Any amendment requires a majority vote (two-thirds) of both chambers of Congress, plus the ratification of three-fourths of the states. Since the inception of the Constitution, more than 11,000 amendments have been proposed to Congress, but only 33 have been approved and sent to be ratified by the states. Of those, only 27 have been effectively ratified, the last one, concerning changes in congressional pay, fully ratified in 1992.