General General 4 min read

Zzzzz…

A better rest makes for a better life: 12 simple tips for a great sleep

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We spend a third of our lives sleeping, and the quality of our sleep determines the quality of the time we spend awake. Thankfully, there are a handful of simple things that we can do to improve our resting hours. Do you follow any of these?

1
Sleep routine

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Your body is a routine animal. If you eat at a certain time, you’ll probably feel hungry around that same time the next day. If you go to sleep at a certain hour, you’ll likely feel sleepy at that same hour the next day.

Use this to your advantage by sticking to a consistent sleep schedule , both for going to bed and for waking up. If you do this consistently, your body will embrace this routine, and it will start to come naturally.

2
Food and drinks

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Avoid going to bed shortly after a large meal. Your digestive system will stay active for a long period of time potentially keeping you awake until it finishes processing the food and drink you've consumed.

The same goes for alcohol: while it might make you feel drowsy at first, it can disrupt your sleep later in the night.

3
Create a good sleeping environment

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A dark, quiet, and cool bedroom makes for a good sleeping environment . Your senses will continue capturing and processing any light or sound present in your bedroom, which is why it is important to minimize these distractions as much as possible.

4
Avoid long naps

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This one is quite straightforward: your body only requires a certain amount of sleep , and if you use up a large portion of it during the day, you may find yourself staying awake longer at night. While a short, 20-minute nap during the day can help restore your energy, a longer rest period will subtract from your nighttime sleep.

5
Physical activity

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Regular physical activity and spending time outside every day are great ways to promote better sleep at night. However, it’s important to avoid physical exercise if you are too close to your bedtime to avoid overstimulation.

6
Avoid going to bed with worries

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Whatever worries you may have in your life, try to avoid thinking about them while you're trying to sleep. Stressful thoughts can delay sleep and create anxiety , leading to less-than-optimal rest. Instead, write down any issues you need to deal with and save them for the next day.

7
Light exposure

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Spending time in natural sunlight or bright light during the day can help keep your circadian rhythm healthy and, in turn, improve your daytime energy and enhance the quality and duration of your sleep at night.

In contrast, avoid exposure to screens for at least half an hour before going to bed. Nighttime light exposure can have the opposite effect from daytime exposure because it reduces your levels of melatonin, which helps you relax and get deep sleep.

8
No alcohol before bedtime

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As mentioned earlier, drinking alcohol before bedtime is not recommended . Alcohol can cause or worsen symptoms of sleep apnea, increase snoring, and disrupt normal sleep patterns. It also alters nighttime melatonin production, which plays a key role in regulating your body’s circadian rhythm.

9
A good bed and pillow

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Poor-quality bedding can lead to increased lower back pain , making it harder to sleep well. Firm and medium-firm mattresses are available at different price ranges and can be a good choice for comfort and to avoid back pain.

Pillows should not cause neck pain, either. Find a pillow that isn’t too high and offers comfort for your sleep style. It will make for a better rest, and your body will thank you in the morning.

10
No liquids right before bed

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There’s nothing wrong with being hydrated during your sleep time, but having to get up in the middle of the night to go to the bathroom is not great. If this happens repeatedly, it can negatively affect your sleep quality and daytime energy.

To minimize interruptions, try reducing your fluid intake in the last hour before bed . This can help lower the chances of waking up during the night.

11
Good sleeping temperature

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One way to guarantee uncomfortable sleep is a bedroom that’s either too cold or too hot . The ideal temperature can vary based on the individual, but most research suggests that sleeping in a cooler room—around 65 to 68 degrees—is optimal.

12
At least seven hours of sleep

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Each age group requires a different amount of sleep each night, but for most people, seven hours is the bare minimum to ensure proper rest. If you have a specific wake-up time, calculate a target bedtime that allows for at least seven hours of sleep . Give yourself extra time before bed to wind down and prepare for sleep whenever possible.

General General 3 min read

Humble beginnings

American companies that started in a garage

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Great companies don’t always begin in shiny office towers or corporate campuses. In fact, some of America’s most influential brands started in the most ordinary place imaginable: a garage. With limited money, basic equipment, and a big idea, a few determined founders managed to build businesses that eventually changed entire industries. Sometimes all it takes is a garage, a few tools, and the determination to turn a simple idea into something extraordinary. Below are ten well-known American companies whose journeys began in garages before becoming global household names.

1
Apple

Image: Laurenz Heymann

Apple Inc. famously started in 1976 in the Los Altos garage of Steve Jobs’ parents. Jobs and Steve Wozniak assembled early versions of the Apple I computer there, selling circuit boards to local computer hobbyists.

What began as a small project between two friends eventually grew into one of the world’s most valuable companies, producing iconic products like the iPhone, Mac, and iPad.

2
Amazon

Image: Marques Thomas

Amazon began in 1994 when Jeff Bezos launched an online bookstore from the garage of his rented home in Bellevue. Early operations included simple desks and computers connected to the growing internet.

From selling books online, Amazon rapidly expanded into nearly every retail category and eventually became one of the largest e-commerce and cloud computing companies in the world.

3
Google

Image: Karollyne Videira Hubert

Google started in 1998 in a garage rented from Susan Wojcicki in Menlo Park. Founders Larry Page and Sergey Brin worked there while developing their revolutionary search engine.

Their algorithm dramatically improved how people found information online, and the company quickly grew into a global tech powerhouse that now operates under Alphabet Inc.

4
Hewlett-Packard

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Hewlett‑Packard, often called HP, was founded in 1939 by Bill Hewlett and Dave Packard in a small garage in Palo Alto.

Their first product was an audio oscillator used by sound engineers, including early customers at The Walt Disney Company. That modest workspace is now considered the birthplace of Silicon Valley.

5
Disney

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The Walt Disney Company traces part of its origin to a garage studio used by Walt Disney and Roy O. Disney in the early 1920s in Los Angeles.

Working with minimal equipment, the brothers produced early animated films that would eventually lead to the creation of Mickey Mouse and a global entertainment empire.

6
Harley-Davidson

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Harley‑Davidson began in 1903 in a small wooden garage in Milwaukee. Founders William S. Harley and Arthur Davidson built their first motorcycle prototype there.

The company grew steadily and became one of the most iconic motorcycle brands in the world, known for its powerful engines and loyal fan base.

7
Mattel

Image: Sean Bernstein

Mattel began in 1945, when Harold Matson and Elliot Handler started making picture frames in a garage workshop in Los Angeles.

Leftover frame scraps were used to create dollhouse furniture, which became so popular that the company shifted its focus to toys. Mattel would later introduce famous products like Barbie and Hot Wheels.

8
Dell

Image: Greg Rosenke

Dell Technologies was founded by Michael Dell in 1984. While the company began in his college dorm room at the University of Texas at Austin, early operations soon moved into a small garage workspace where computers were assembled and upgraded.

Dell’s direct-to-consumer sales model helped transform the personal computer industry and made the company one of the world’s largest PC manufacturers.

9
Yankee Candle

Image: Rhamely

Yankee Candle began in 1969 when teenager Michael Kittredge II made a homemade candle in his family’s garage in South Hadley as a Christmas gift.

Neighbors wanted to buy the candles, and the small hobby quickly turned into a thriving business. Today, the brand is one of the most recognized names in scented candles.

Culture Culture 4 min read

Seudonyms for life

Behind made-up names: Stars who changed their original names and why

Image: Matt Botsford

Much like Bruce Wayne hid behind Batman, many celebrities whose careers we’ve followed through the years bear made-up names . Was it to protect their family names from stardom? Was it to wear the personas as costumes they could hang at the door? Let’s look into fake and real names of well-known icons and see, if known, why they chose to do it.

1
Stevie Wonder

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The musical genius behind hits like "Superstition" and "Isn't She Lovely," Stevie Wonder, was born Stevland Hardaway Judkins.

Blind from infancy, he was a child prodigy, signed to Motown Records at just 11 years old. They decided to rebrand him as "Little Stevie Wonder." Isn’t that how a legend gets made?

2
Muhammad Ali

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"The Greatest," Muhammad Ali, known for his legendary boxing career and his outspoken personality, was born Cassius Clay.

After converting to Islam, he refused to keep his birth name and rebranded himself as Muhammad Ali. He floated like a butterfly, stung like a bee, and certainly wasn't shy about making a statement!

3
Whoopi Goldberg

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The hilarious and outspoken Whoopi Goldberg, known for her roles in films like The Color Purple and Ghost , was called Caryn Elaine Johnson at birth.

If her name reminds you of a Whoopee Cushion, here’s where you learn that that was intentional. Her friends called her that –Whoopi Cushion– and she wanted it to be her stage name, but her mom convinced her to take herself more seriously and use one of her family surnames, Goldberg.

4
Lady Gaga

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The queen of pop, Lady Gaga, known for her outrageous fashion style and catchy hits like "Bad Romance" and "Born This Way," was born Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta. Elegant, but still a mouthful when you are trying to become the next Madonna.

While designing her legendary persona, she was inspired by the Queen song "Radio Ga Ga," and she stuck with that name. It does fit her theatrical aesthetic much better than Stefani Germanotta, doesn't it?

5
Prince

Image: ROMBO

This one is less of a story than you might imagine —Prince’s first name was, indeed, Prince. The Purple One was born Prince Rogers Nelson, just like his father, a jazz musician who performed under the stage name "Prince Rogers." So, that name was taken.

He rose to fame as simply "Prince," although some remember him as "The Artist Formerly Known as Prince (TAFKAP)," which he established as his name after a dispute with Warner Bros Records.

6
Bob Dylan

Image: Samuel Ramos

The voice of a generation, Bob Dylan, known for his poetic lyrics and iconic songs like "Blowin' in the Wind," was born Robert Allen Zimmerman.

Did he choose the name after Dylan Thomas? No, the musician eventually confessed he’d never read much of the poet. Toying around with his first surname, Allen, Bob had been trying to decide whether to call himself "Bob Allen" or "Bob Allyn," until he realized "Dylan" was, in his words, stronger.

7
Meg Ryan

Image: Kit Suman

America's sweetheart, Meg Ryan, known for her roles in romantic comedies like Sleepless in Seattle and You've Got Mail , was born Margaret Mary Emily Anne Hyra.

When you have such a long name, you have to make some decisions. She first presented herself as "Margaret Hyra", but when registering for the Screen Actors Guild, Margaret became Meg, and her dad’s surname was replaced by the maiden name of her grandma, Ryan.

8
Demi Moore

Image: Bruno Mattos

Actress Demi Moore was born Demetria Gene Guynes. She shortened her first name to Demi when she began her acting career and adopted the surname Moore from her first husband, Freddy Moore.

The Moores eventually separated, but Demi decided to carry the surname on throughout her career.

9
Brad Pitt

Image: Amjith S

Did you know that Brad Pitt might easily have been known as "Bill Pitt"? Or "Willy Pitt"? We surely prefer Brad!

Hollywood’s heartthrob was born William Bradley Pitt. Early in his career, he presented himself with his full name, but eventually, he dropped the "William." He went on to become a multi-awarded and beloved movie star and producer.

10
Winona Ryder

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The quirky and talented Winona Ryder, known for her roles in films like Beetlejuice and Girl, Interrupted , was born Winona Laura Horowitz.

Why did she choose "Ryder" for her movie credits? She says that she picked the name out of a Mitch Ryder record her dad loved. Seems whimsical, but remember: She was only a teenager when she rose to fame!

11
Emma Stone

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Academy Award-winning actress Emma Stone, known for her roles in films like La La Land and Easy A , was born Emily Jean Stone.

She would have signed up with her real name proudly, but when she went to register with the Screen Actors Guild, she found that Emily Stone was taken. She decided to go for the next best thing and name herself after her favorite Spice Girl, Emma Bunton.

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