1

Titanic & The Music Man

Image: Copyright © 1962 Warner Bros. Pictures Distributing Corporation - Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

It is common knowledge that Titanic (1997), starring Leonardo DiCaprio and Kate Winslet, fictionalizes the true story of the sinking of the British ocean liner that collided with an iceberg in the North Atlantic.

The Music Man (1962), on the other hand, is a musical that tells the story of a salesman who tries to convince the residents of a small town in Iowa to start a musical band. Although the two films are set miles apart and their characters are very different, they both take place in the same year: 1912. Fascinating, don't you think?

2

Mary Poppins & The Wild Bunch

Image: From the studio of John Schwartz., Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Early twentieth-century London, a vibrant, sprawling city, has almost nothing in common with the wild U.S.-Mexico frontier of the same era. Yet the tender Mary Poppins (1964) and the epic revisionist Western The Wild Bunch (1969) take place during virtually the same years. Despite being vastly different stories, the two films share a similar theme: the concept of outsiders navigating a world of change and challenges.

3

There Will Be Blood & Meet Me in St. Louis

Image: Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (Loew's Inc.), Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

What do a Christmas musical from 1944 and a 2007 drama film have in common? They both portray the early years of the 20th century!

While There Will Be Blood is a dark film that focuses on the California oil rush, Meet Me in St. Louis , starring the iconic Judy Garland, portrays the well-to-do life of an upper-middle-class Missouri family. Watching these two films truly paints a picture of what America was like at this time in its history.

4

Grease & Malcolm X

Image: Library of Congress

Two other films that offer their version of American life during a specific era are Grease (1978) and Malcolm X (1992). Both take place around 1958, but couldn't be more different.

Grease , a romantic musical with gelled hairdos and poodle skirts, portrays a group of teenagers more concerned with leather jackets, rock and roll, and fashionable cars than anything else. Malcom X , on the contrary, is based on the biography of the famous African-American activist, and dives deep into the history of the civil rights movement.

5

Barry Lyndon & Pirates of the Caribbean

Image: William Hogarth, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

The story of a young Irishman trying to climb the ladder of British high society can't be too different from that of a pirate sailing through dangerous waters. However, although Barry Lyndon (1975) and Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides (2011) take place in the 1750s, they are very dissimilar films.

While Pirates of the Caribbean is a fantasy adventure franchise chronicling the adventures of the endearing Jack Sparrow, the historic drama directed by Stanley Kubrick won four Academy Awards and is considered one of the greatest films ever made.

6

The Godfather: Part II & 1917

Image: Ernest Brooks, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

The year is 1917, and a young Vito Corleone takes his first steps in the criminal world in his native Sicily. Meanwhile, in northern France, a young British soldier is sent on a mission to save his brother.

1917 (2019) is inspired by the true story of World War I battles, and The Godfather: Part II (1974) is based on the fictional story written by Mario Puzo about a gangster family. Both films, however, portray the same period of European history, an era that had a huge impact on American society.

7

Jobs & 2001: A Space Odyssey

Image: Niketh Vellanki

Surely, when Stanley Kubrick directed 2001: A Space Odyssey, he was envisioning a more advanced future. But the truth is that the real 2001 was marked, among other things, by the launch of Apple's iPod.

The film Jobs (2013) begins precisely with Steve Jobs' presentation of the device that would forever change the way we listen to music. Intergalactic travel as a common currency will have to wait a few more years. Yet, to be fair, HAL 9000 is pretty much like the artificial intelligences we have today —let's just hope they don't betray us!

8

The sound of music & Harlem Nights

Image: Sanja Lazic

While a young governess falls in love with Captain von Trapp with the Austrian Alps as a backdrop, on the other side of the Atlantic, a nightclub owner in Harlem must face powerful gangsters to stay in business.

Although they may seem like two incompatible plots, The Sound of Music (1965) and Harlem Nights (1989) both take place in 1938, when the United States was recovering from the Great Depression and Europe was at the dawn of the Second World War. Two opposite views of the world.

9

13 Going on 30 & The Wolf of Wall Street

Image: engin akyurt

One is an innocent romantic comedy full of '80s pop culture references, and the other is a dark, full of foul language and racy scenes, portrait of the years when yuppies and stockbrokers dominated the New York scene. Yet, both 13 Going on 30 (2004) and The Wolf of Wall Street (2013) take place in 1987. Have you ever thought about it?

10

Hairspray & The Shape of Water

Image: Larissa Megale

The interesting thing about these two films is that they not only take place in the same year—1962—, but also in the same ‘place’: Baltimore, Maryland.

Hairspray (1988), a cult comedy directed by John Waters, tells the story of young Tracy Turnbland's quest to be taken seriously in an audition for a popular show for young dancers. The Shape of Water , on the other hand, is a fantasy film that portrays the love story between a mute woman and a humanoid amphibian. Two very different plots that offer a glimpse of what life was like in America during the Cold War.

1

The ball drop only exists because the city banned fireworks

New Year’s Eve celebrations began in Times Square as early as 1904. That year, New York Times owner Adolph Ochs threw an extravagant fireworks party to christen the paper’s new headquarters.

Two years later, the city banned fireworks over fire hazard concerns. Ochs’ chief electrician, Walter Palmer, proposed a "time-ball" to replace the pyrotechnics. This would imitate a navigational device used by ships. So, on December 31, 1907, a 700-pound iron-and-wood ball, five feet in diameter, lit by 100 twenty-five-watt bulbs, made its first descent from the flagpole atop One Times Square.

The tradition has continued every year since, except in the wartime dimouts of 1942 and 1943. Today’s ball is the ninth version and is the largest ever: 12.5 feet wide, weighing 12,350 pounds, and covered in 5,280 handcrafted Waterford crystal discs.

2

It used to be called "Satan’s Circus"

The area was once called Longacre Square, named after London’s carriage district, because the neighborhood was the center of New York City’s horse carriage industry. It was also one of the most vice-ridden corners of Manhattan. In 1901, the surrounding blocks contained 132 brothels and at least as many saloons. Police called the area "the Tenderloin." Locals called it "Satan’s Circus."

The transformation began when the New York Times decided to build its new headquarters there, betting on the city’s first subway line, which was already planned to run beneath the block. In 1904, the area was officially renamed Times Square in a public ceremony. Later that year, the newspaper moved into its gleaming new tower, then the city’s second-tallest building. The Times only stayed there for 9 years before relocating to larger offices on West 43rd Street. But the name it left behind proved permanent.

3

It was once one of the most dangerous blocks in America

While it lost its "Satan’s Circus" nickname long ago, the tourist-friendly Times Square most visitors know today is almost unrecognizable from what it was just four decades ago. By 1984, more than 2,300 crimes were being committed every year within a single-block radius.

The streets were dominated by drug dealers, street crime, porn and peep show theaters, and open prostitution. The TKTS discount theater ticket booth, opened in 1973, was conceived as an emergency measure, an attempt to pull foot traffic back into a neighborhood that businesses had abandoned. The City of New York and the State of New York, as well as private investors and the non-profit Times Square Alliance, collaborated to reduce the crime rate and welcome the commerce and brands that eventually turned Times Square into a tourist hub.

By 2001, major felony offenses had fallen 62.3% from their 1993 peak. Today, Times Square is one of the most policed and most surveilled public spaces in the United States, with a dedicated NYPD substation on the premises. The same block that was America’s most notorious danger zone now draws 50 million visitors a year.

4

The TKTS red stairs are actually a roof

Most of the millions of tourists who climb the famous ruby-red stairs in Times Square assume they’re just a viewing platform. In fact, they’re a roof. Underneath the 27 steps sits the TKTS booth, operated by the Theatre Development Fund, where theatergoers can buy same-day Broadway and off-Broadway tickets at discounts of up to 50%.

In 1999, a design competition was held for a permanent replacement. The winning concept proposed building the new booth’s roof as a public staircase. It would be a bleacher-style ascent that would give visitors an elevated vantage point over the square. The structure was completed in October 2008. It glows red at night because it is lit entirely from below. About 13,000 people walk past it every day.

5

New York City law requires the lights to stay on

Did you know that Times Square stays aglow by law? A 1987 New York City zoning ordinance requires all new developments and major enlargements on blocks in the area, with frontage on Seventh Avenue or Broadway, to include large-scale illuminated signage.

The regulation was introduced to protect the district’s visual character after years of blank-faced modernist towers had dulled its energy. Buildings are legally required to display a minimum illuminated surface area, and signage must remain lit during designated hours.

6

The most famous building there is almost empty

One Times Square building is famous; the whole world watches the ball drop from it every New Year's Eve. But few people know that it’s all but empty inside. It has no regular office tenants. Its upper floors are largely unused.

When the New York Times vacated in 1913, the building passed through several owners and eventually became what it is today: a structure whose primary economic purpose is its skin. Still, the billboard faces on its exterior generate millions of dollars per year — a single advertising slot can command upwards of $4 million annually. In effect, One Times Square is a 25-story billboard dressed as a skyscraper.

7

50 million people visit every year, more than all Disney Parks combined

Times Square draws an estimated 50 million visitors annually —more than all Disney theme parks worldwide combined. On a typical day, approximately 330,000 people pass through. On peak days, that number exceeds 460,000.

Its official website notes that more people walk through Times Square each year than live in the entire country of Iceland. Visitor spending totals roughly $4.8 billion per year, and for every dollar a tourist spends anywhere in New York City, approximately 22 cents are spent within Times Square’s few blocks.

After a dip during the pandemic, tourism to New York City has rebounded strongly, with the city welcoming over 65 million visitors in 2025 and projecting 67 million in 2027. Times Square remains the single biggest draw within the city, accounting for a disproportionate share of that spending.

8

It’s not actually a square; it’s two triangles

Geometrically speaking, Times Square is not a square. It’s more like a bowtie; two elongated triangles formed where Broadway, a diagonal road that predates the Manhattan street grid by centuries, cuts across Seventh Avenue.

The city’s famous grid was laid out by the Commissioners’ Plan of 1811. Broadway, an ancient Indigenous trade route that became a colonial road, was already there and simply too important to straighten. Every point where it crosses a major avenue creates an irregular intersection, and Times Square is the most famous of them.

9

It has witnessed incredible moments in American history

Times Square has functioned, again and again, as the place where Americans gather when history breaks. On May 8, 1945, a.k.a. V-E Day, crowds flooded the streets to celebrate the end of the war in Europe. Three months later, on August 14, 1945, a.k.a. V-J Day, the moment Japan’s surrender was announced, ending World War II entirely, the square erupted again.

Life magazine photographer Alfred Eisenstaedt was in the crowd and photographed a sailor spontaneously grabbing a nurse in white uniform and kissing her, an image published in the magazine. Also, on December 31, 1999, the world watched Times Square’s ball drop as the year 2000 arrived and Y2K fears proved unfounded.

10

Buildings are required by law to display bright signage

The exterior of a Times Square building generates more revenue per square foot than almost any interior use could. Running a single billboard requires no HVAC, no tenant improvements, no elevator maintenance, no building management. It requires a screen and electricity. The result is a district where the most valuable real estate in America is literally the surface of things.

Building owners sometimes spend tens of millions of dollars on facade renovations not to improve the building but to improve the view of the building.

1

​Miranda v. Arizona (1966)

Every legal TV drama has a "You have the right to remain silent" moment. But that phrase actually became part of American culture thanks to a Supreme Court ruling. In 1963, American laborer Ernesto Miranda was arrested in Phoenix, Arizona, and questioned by police for several hours about a kidnapping and assault case. During the interrogation, officers did not tell him he had the right to remain silent or the right to speak with a lawyer. Miranda eventually signed a confession that was later used to convict him at trial.

His lawyers appealed, arguing that he had not been properly informed of his constitutional rights. In a narrow five-to-four ruling, the Supreme Court agreed. Chief Justice Earl Warren explained that police interrogations place heavy pressure on suspects, making safeguards necessary. The Court ruled that suspects must be informed of their rights before questioning begins. Today, the Mirada Rights warning is one of the best-known legal protections in the U.S.

2

​Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

For many decades, racial segregation in public schools was considered legal under the doctrine "separate but equal." In reality, schools for Black children were often underfunded and unequal in nearly every other way. The issue came to a head in Topeka, Kansas, when Oliver Brown tried to enroll his Black daughter Linda in a nearby white elementary school. She was denied admission because of segregation laws.

Brown joined other families in challenging school segregation with support from the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, NAACP, whose legal team was led by Thurgood Marshall. The Supreme Court heard arguments from several related cases and faced enormous pressure because of the issue’s national importance. In 1954, Chief Justice Earl Warren delivered a unanimous decision declaring that separate educational facilities are inherently unequal. The ruling overturned earlier legal precedent and became one of the most important decisions in American history, helping launch the modern Civil Rights Movement.

3

​Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)

During the Vietnam War, protests and political debates spread across the country, including in public schools. In 1965, a group of students in Des Moines, Iowa, decided to wear black armbands to school to protest the war and support a Christmas truce. School officials quickly announced that students wearing the armbands would be suspended. Mary Beth Tinker and her brother John wore the armbands anyway and were suspended from school. Their family challenged the decision, arguing that the students’ First Amendment rights had been violated.

The case eventually reached the Supreme Court, which ruled seven to two in favor of the students. In 1969, Justice Abe Fortas wrote that students do not lose their constitutional rights when they enter a school building. The Court concluded that schools may only limit student expression if it seriously disrupts learning. The ruling became a major precedent protecting peaceful expression in public schools.

4

​Roe v. Wade (1973)

Before Roe v. Wade, abortion laws differed greatly from state to state, and many states severely restricted access to the procedures. The case began when, in 1969, a Texas woman, Norma McCorvey, challenged state laws under the pseudonym "Jane Roe." Texas only allowed abortions in cases where the mother’s life was in danger. Roe argued that the law violated constitutional protections for personal privacy.

The Supreme Court heard the case during a period of growing national debate over reproductive rights and government authority. In 1973, the Court ruled seven to two that the Constitution protects a woman’s right to privacy under the Fourteenth Amendment, including certain decisions about abortion. The justices created a legal framework balancing individual rights with state interests. Roe v Wade continued to be one of the most debated decisions in history. It was overturned by the Supreme Court in 2022 via the Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization case, which eliminated the federal constitutional right to an abortion and allowed individual states to set their own abortion laws.

5

​Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978)

Inequality based on race took all kinds of forms, and school desegregation was just the beginning of a long pursuit of justice and equality. As universities sought to address racial inequality in higher education during the 1970s, affirmative action policies became the subject of national debate. Alla Bakke, a white 30-year-old engineer from California, applied to the medical school at the University of California, Davis, and challenged its admissions program after being denied entry.

Bakke argued that the school’s racial quota system violated the Equal Protection Clause. In 1978, the Supreme Court ruled that strict racial quotas were unconstitutional, but also said race could still be considered as one factor among many in admissions decisions. The ruling shaped college admissions policies for decades. In 2023, however, the Court overturned much of that framework, via Students for Fair Admissions, Inc. v. Harvard College, ruling that race-conscious admissions programs at Harvard and the University of North Carolina violated the Constitution, bringing a major chapter of the affirmative action debate to a turning point.

6

​Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)

Before 1963, many Americans accused of serious crimes had no guaranteed right to a lawyer if they couldn’t afford one. Clarence Earl Gideon, an impoverished Missourian drifter, learned this firsthand after being charged with burglary in Florida. Too poor to hire an attorney, Gideon asked the court to appoint one for him, but the request was denied because state law only required lawyers in death penalty cases.

While incarcerated, he sent a handwritten petition to the Supreme Court arguing that his constitutional rights had been violated. The Court agreed to hear the case and ruled unanimously in his favor. The Justices declared that the Sixth Amendment guaranteed the right to legal counsel in serious criminal cases and that states must provide attorneys for defendants who cannot afford them. The ruling greatly expanded protections for ordinary citizens in the criminal justice system.

7

​Schenck v. United States (1919)

During WWI, the U.S. government became increasingly concerned about opposition to the military draft. Charles Schenck, a leader in the Socialist Party, distributed pamphlets encouraging drafted men to resist military service peacefully. He was arrested under the Espionage Act of 1917 and argued that his actions were protected by the First Amendment. But the Supreme Court didn’t see it that way.

Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. explained that free speech rights are not unlimited, especially during wartime. In one of the most famous lines in Supreme Court history, Holmes stated that the law would not protect someone falsely shouting "fire" in a crowded theater and causing panic. The Court created the "clear and present danger" test, allowing the government to limit speech that creates an immediate threat to public safety or national security. The ruling became an important balance between civil liberties and public protection.

8

​McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)

In the early years of the U.S., many Americans still viewed their states almost like separate countries. After the War of 1812, in 1816, the federal government created the Second Bank of the United States to help stabilize the economy. Several states opposed the national bank, including Maryland, which placed a heavy tax on it. James McCulloch, who worked at the Baltimore branch of the federal bank, refused to pay the tax , and the dispute reached the Supreme Court.

In 1819, Chief Justice John Marshall ruled that Congress had the authority to create the bank, even though the Constitution did not specifically mention national banks. He explained that the Constitution gives the federal government certain implied powers needed to carry out its duties. The Court also ruled that states could not tax federal institutions. The decision strengthened federal authority and helped create a more stable national economy at a time when the young country was still finding its footing.

9

​Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)

In the 1820s, steamboats were transforming transportation and trade across the U.S. New York granted a monopoly, giving certain operators exclusive rights to run steamboats on its waters. Aaron Ogden operated a ferry service between New York and New Jersey under that monopoly. Thomas Gibbons began running a competing ferry service using a federal license, leading to a major legal battle. The case raised an important question: Could individual states control interstate trade, or did that authority belong to the federal government?

In 1824, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of Gibbons. Chief Justice John Marshall declared that Congress alone has the power to regulate interstate commerce. The Court also defined commerce broadly to include navigation and transportation. The ruling prevented states from blocking trade across borders and helped create the open national economy Americans know today, making travel and business between states far easier and more consistent.

10

​Marbury v. Madison (1803)

Every time Americans expect the Constitution to protect their rights, they are relying on a principle established in Marbury v. Madison. Before 1803, nobody was entirely sure who had the final authority to decide whether a law violated the Constitution. That question arose during a tense transfer of power between Presidents John Adams and Thomas Jefferson. In his final hours in office, Adams appointed several judges, including Maryland businessman William Marbury. Some appointment papers were never delivered before Jefferson took office, and he ordered his brand-new Secretary of State, James Madison, not to hand them over to the appointees.

Marbury sued, asking the Supreme Court to force Madison to deliver the documents. Chief Justice John Marshall ruled that Marbury deserved the position, but the law allowing the Court to hear the case directly was unconstitutional. In doing so, Marshall established judicial review, giving the Supreme Court the power to strike down laws that conflict with the Constitution.