General General 5 min read

HAUNTED CELEBRATION

Unmasking Halloween: the origins behind our spookiest traditions!

Image: Łukasz Nieścioruk

It’s that time of the year when all things spooky reunite to provide everyone with a fair dose of fun and jump-scares. Halloween in the U.S. is full of quirky traditions—from trick-or-treating to carving pumpkins and stuffing ourselves with candy. Above all, it’s a magical time of the year. But do you know where these traditions come from? Why do we use black and orange? Or why do children dress up? Join us as we go through 10 Halloween traditions and their origins. Are you ready?

1
Choose a villain

Image: Paige Cody

If reason were to govern our thoughts on the matter, no one could deny that seeing people of all ages dressed up as their favorite villains is a weird thing. We’ll discuss the treating part later, but let’s get into the costumes first.

This tradition has deep roots, and it goes all the way back to the Middle Ages and the ancient festival of Samhain. Now what was the purpose of the costumes? People used to believe that spirits roamed the earth on this particular night so, dressing up in costumes was the way to ward off these phantoms. Quite original, don’t you think?

2
Apple bobbing

Image: Nathan Dumlao

Among the spooky traditions, there is also one that relates to romance and love: bobbing for apples, and we’ve got Great Britain to thank for it.

In this game, an apple represented a potential husband, and, faith for young women who wished to marry was settled by how many attempts it took her to retrieve an apple. One bite meant jolly matrimony. Two bites, a not-so-long-lasting courtship. And three… Well, that relationship was doomed altogether.

Samhain was celebrated at the end of the harvest, and when Irish immigrants brought their costumes to America, this game fit fall festivities to perfection becoming a beloved Halloween game.

3
Jack-o’-lanterns

Image: Szabó János

Who is Jack, and why was he immortalized in a Halloween lantern? Well, it is all, of course, part of a curious legend. As the story goes, Jack tricked the devil twice. The first time, he tricked the Devil into becoming a coin and then, by making him promise not to claim his soul. However, all these tricks only brought nasty consequences—neither hell nor heaven wanted him.

So what happened? He was left to wander the earth with only a burning coal inspiring a carved-out turnip to light his way.

Turnips were just the start for the Scottish and Irish, soon they turned to beets and potatoes, and the tradition took the shape of pumpkins for Americans.

4
Trick or treat yourself!

Image: Nick Fewings

We’ve discussed the costumes, so let’s dive into the sweets. What’s the origin of knocking on doors and asking for candy?

When the Catholic Church established All Souls’ Day, in the Middle Ages, the costume tradition remained and a new one was added: knocking on doors and offering prayers for the dead in exchange for food. This was a practice called "souling."

But souling also suffered some changes and, in modern times, it evolved into what we know as "trick-or-treating," an activity in which children go door-to-door promising mischief if they don’t receive candy. Now you know this, we bet you’ll always give treats away!

5
Black cats, good or bad?

Image: Adél Grőber

In some cultures, spotting a black cat is a one-way ticket to destruction. In others, a black cat is a good luck omen, a sign that you’ll even find love. However, in America, black cats are part of the first group and have become a key symbol in Halloween celebrations and decorations.

Why is that? Because, in the Middle Ages, these poor animals were associated with witches and witchcraft. They were believed to have powers and to be connected to the evil spirits roaming the earth. True or not, they certainly add to the eerie atmosphere of Halloween, don’t you think?

6
Black and orange

Image: Bee Felten-Leidel

Have you ever wondered why we use these particular colors during the Halloween season? Well, the choice was not random at all, it has to do with the meaning behind orange and black.

For one, orange is related to the autumn season, and the end of the harvest (the original time of the Celtic celebration).

Black, on the other hand, brings in the spookiness and the mystery that we all love about Halloween night. It represents the color of the night sky, the shadows, and all things that add to the eerie atmosphere of the evening.

7
Haunted houses

Image: Bee Felten-Leidel

This tradition reveals the true essence of the Halloween spirit: to get as many scares as one can in a single night. All across America, on October 31st, families get their houses ready to invite people over for a thrilling experience.

Haunted houses aim to evoke tension and fear through ghostly figures, spooky decorations, dimmed lights, and chilling sounds with special effects. Have you ever visited one?

8
Bonfires

Image: henry perks

Bonfires, another tradition inherited from the Celtic celebration, are less common but they are still a Halloween tradition. As you can imagine, the original intention of the bonfires was to ward off evil spirits and to honor the Gods.

In the more modern Irish and Scottish traditions, the bonfires were part of a protective and communal custom that later made its way to America. In turn, this tradition has only remained to add warmth and a sense of togetherness to the holiday.

9
Candy Frenzy

Image: Mary Jane Duford

If you ask any child, candy is the best reason to celebrate Halloween. And we can’t blame them— they get to dress up, knock on doors, and get dozens of candies they will later exchange and eat in the company of their loved ones.

In our country, it’s not just the children or the houses who get ready for Halloween—the Marketing industry does too! Every year, countless candy brands (any brand really) adapt their products to make them Halloween-themed. The season kicks off when your local supermarket hangs those spiderwebs up and you start spotting black and orange packaging all over!

10
Scary stories

Image: Nika Benedictova

After collecting all the candies that were rightfully theirs for dressing up, children and young adults all over the country get together to end the night devouring their treats and immersing themselves one last time in the eerie atmosphere: It’s time for the spine-tingling tales.

No Halloween celebration is complete without a good dose of scary stories, fables of ancient times with mysterious characters and details that send shivers down the listeners’ spines. Why? For the sake of fear, after all, Halloween night is all about the supernatural!

General General 4 min read

Country life vs City life: What shapes who we become?

Image: hyotographics

How much does where we live influence who we are? From scenery to sounds, from neighborhoods to childhood play, there are vast differences between so-called country life and city life and how they shape our lives and identities. Here’s a roundup.

1
Childhood experiences: freedom to roam vs. structured activities

Image: Gabor Kovacs Photography

Childhood is undoubtedly one of the most impactful periods of our lives, and growing up in a rural or urban environment are two very different experiences.

Country life allows children more unstructured play and room to roam freely, either walking or on their bicycles, leading to a more independent mindset. City life, on the other hand, offers more organized activities and schedules, as well as earlier socialization, cultural awareness, and a broader worldview.

2
Sense of community: neighbors vs. anonymity

Image: New Africa

In rural towns, residents know each other by name , often spanning generations. People have deep and close-knit connections with their neighbors, resulting in an extended support system well beyond your front door. In major cities, it’s a different story.

Urban environments are privacy- and anonymity-focused , which results in more selective social circles and increased independence.

3
Pace of life: slow rhythms vs. constant motion

Image: BABAROGA

Are you a gentle starter , taking one step at a time before spending the day outside instead of at a desk? Or do you wake up fully energized , ready to grab your coffee and start your day?

Country life tends to follow a more nature-aligned rhythm, while city life tends to have constant motion and 24/7 energy.

4
Noise and silence: how sound shapes mood and thinking

Image: WOSUNAN

You might thrive on absolute silence or non-stop music, but inevitably what people hear affects how they feel, because sound has a deep impact on mental state, cognitive function, and emotional health .

Urban life tends to have constant, unpredictable background noise, such as traffic, construction, or sirens. This inevitably leads to higher stress levels, increased cognitive fatigue, and mental health risks. On the other hand, rural life tends to be quieter, allowing for neural recovery, enhanced concentration, and overall restoration thanks to natural soundscapes like rustling leaves, horses' hooves, or birdsong.

5
Access to nature vs. built environments

Image: Just dance

If you close your eyes and imagine where you feel your best, what do you see? Mountaintops and endless prairies? Or a skyline of buildings with lots of shops at every corner?

The country offers a more tranquil, spacious environment and an easy access to the outdoors. In contrast, big cities center around built environments, which means unparalleled convenience plus immediate access to all types of goods and services.

6
Safety perceptions and real risks

Image: Volodymyr TVERDOKHLIB

Although one would generally expect to be much safer in the countryside, actual injury from machinery, car crashes, or accidental deaths is in fact more common . In addition, access to healthcare is more limited.

On the other hand, in cities, violent crime is much higher, and public disorder is more frequent. This results in, among other things, children being on their own much less. And although access to healthcare is greater, chronic health risks related to air pollution and stress are higher .

7
Cost of living and financial priorities

Image: Volodymyr TVERDOKHLIB

Money is a fundamental factor in determining where we live (and so many other decisions). Country life typically offers more affordable housing, but also overall lower daily expenses, which frees up a great deal of disposable income.

On the other hand, city living frequently results in higher overall earnings, meaning urban dwellers often save more despite higher costs, as expenses are inevitably steeper. Ultimately, though, the right choice about where to live depends greatly on your lifestyle priorities .

8
Career paths: practicality vs. opportunity diversity

Image: Dmytro Zinkevych

Rural areas tend to provide more practical stability ; there are fewer people, and the essential sectors that stand out, such as healthcare, education, agriculture, skilled trades, and local governments, provide much more job security.

On the other hand, urban areas offer rapid advancement and diverse networks , allowing for further career mobility, higher earning potential, and innovation.

9
Exposure to diversity (cultures, ideas, lifestyles)

Image: Sabrina Bracher

Cities are global melting pots , providing daily access to varied subcultures, progressive ideas, and international cuisines.

Alternatively, small towns tend to be more culturally homogeneous , fostering deeper bonds and more consistency, but less exposure to different ethnicities, lifestyles, and global perspectives.

10
Independence: self-reliance vs. interdependence

Image: GaudiLab

Country living emphasizes self-reliance . This means that the maintenance of daily operations related to property, power, and food production is often handled personally.

City living is very different in this regard; on a day-to-day basis, you may be more on your own, but for all essential needs, there is a crucial synchronized interdependence , meaning that everyone's daily comfort, such as availability of food, public transit, and waste management, relies completely on others.

Culture Culture 3 min read

TV Legends

From Sitcoms to Dramas: The 10 most beloved characters in TV history

Image: Aleks Dorohovich

Over the years, TV fiction has given us countless moments of entertainment, laughter, tension, and even love and sadness. Some of the characters who stuck with us season after season left a mark we still feel today. From the unforgettable Lucy Ricardo to the mysterious Mr Spock and the chaotic Michael Scott, today we’re looking back at 10 characters who’ve been living in our hearts rent-free.

1
Lucy Ricardo ( I Love Lucy )

Image: TV Guide, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Despite being a series from the 1950s, I Love Lucy made such a strong impact on American culture that it’s still remembered and referenced today. And it’s impossible to forget Lucy Ricardo, the lovable protagonist who was always chasing "a little more" out of life through daring and hilarious adventures with her husband and neighbors. The familiarity of the characters and the way they connected with viewers turned the show into a success that totally transcended its time.

2
Spock ( Star Trek )

Image: NBC Television, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

This pair of pointed ears is really hard to forget. Mr. Spock, played by Leonard Nimoy in Star Trek , is easily one of the most memorable characters on TV, and we get why. His particular appearance and his calm, controlled demeanor made him irresistible to almost everyone in the audience. Alongside his discipline, strong values, and quiet reserve, his warm and empathetic human side would occasionally shine through, making him one of our favorites.

3
Fonzie "The Fonz" ( Happy Days )

Image: ABC, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Fonzarelli, Fonzie, the Fonz: three names for everyone’s favorite character from Happy Days . Fonzie wasn’t just the epitome of cool; he also had a loyal, charismatic, and genuinely warm personality that made him impossible not to love.

4
Samantha Stephens ( Bewitched )

Image: ABC Television, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

If you had magical powers, your life would probably resemble that of Samantha Stephens, the lovable star of Bewitched , and that's probably what made this series such a success. Samantha’s warm personality and intelligence (along with her powers, of course) allowed her to balance her magical world and her human life. And along the way, she gives us some really funny adventures!

5
Michael Scott ( The Office )

Image: Steve_Carell_with_wife_Nancy_Walls_@_2010_Academy_Awards.jpg: Photo by Sgt. Michael Connorsderivative work: RanZag, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Michael Scott may not seem like the nicest character ever, but it’s precisely his quirkiness and his desperate need to be liked that make us end up loving him so much. Well-intentioned but socially awkward, this character is so funny that no matter what he does, we can’t help but adore him.

6
Kermit the Frog ( Sesame Street/The Muppet Show )

Image: Pattie, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Who said all the characters on this list had to be human? No one would have guessed that a puppet could become a total celebrity, right? Well, that’s exactly what happened with Kermit, the most famous frog of all. The best part is that you don’t have to be a child to appreciate the optimism, warmth, and humor that make us all love dear Kermit.

7
Chandler Bing ( Friends )

Image: Tracie Hall from Orange County, us, CC BY-SA 2.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0>, via Wikimedia Commons

Each one of the six main characters of Friends has a strong fan base, but one stands out: Chandler Bing. Undoubtedly one of the most beloved, Chandler won us over with his humble heart, his awkwardness in understanding and managing emotions, and, of course, his silly jokes that came out even at the most inappropriate moments.

8
Mulder & Scully ( The X-Files )

Image: Marcin Wichary from San Francisco, U.S.A., CC BY 2.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0>, via Wikimedia Commons

We had to pick one, but we just couldn’t: Mulder and Scully are inseparable. Though very different, the two main characters of The X-Files won over audiences equally. Mulder, the believer and passionate investigator, and Scully, the skeptical but determined scientist, come together to complement each other in the most perfect way.

9
Sheriff Andy Taylor ( The Andy Griffith Show )

Image: Rogers & Cowan, Beverly Hills-publicity agency, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

That kind face was enough to win our hearts, but Sheriff Andy Taylor offers so much more: kindness, good intentions, and a calm demeanor, along with humor and intelligence. Often serving as the moral compass in The Andy Griffith Show , he became a familiar and trusted presence for audiences of all ages.

10
Sheldon Cooper ( The Big Bang Theory )

Image: MelodyJSandoval, CC BY 2.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0>, via Wikimedia Commons

His enormous intelligence and sharp logic make him stand out in the academic world, but his struggles with social connections complicate his personal life. This is Sheldon Cooper, one of TV’s most beloved "brainiacs." Despite his difficulty with sarcasm, his cold and distant demeanor, and his unbearably pragmatic nature, Sheldon has a certain charm that makes him impossible not to love.

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